Information and communication from Coffee Houses to Cybercafes James Stewart University of Edinburgh

From Data …. How much Information 1999: School of Information Management and Systems at the University of California at Berkeley.

Text (and Image) Poem Letter Novel Report Order Article Thesis Diary Invitation …. Manuscript Book Chapter Volume Newspaper Article Advert Column Pamphlet Letter Postcard Poster Memo Writers Readers Reviewers Librarians Printers Editors Bibliographer Binder Illustrator Sellers Distributors Postal service Publishers …to Information

New Media 2 hour movie 30sec advert 1/2 hour programme News bulletin Interview Live report TV station 24 hour news station Special interest channel Soap opera Home movies Video WebPage Website Newsgroup Chat Links page Weblog Portal Interactive Webcam Database Search engine Video/audio stream Banner Ad Metadata URL SMS Radio station Radio show 45 rpm single LP/CD Advert Jingle Radio Play Audio Book Phone call

….to knowledge Construction and application of information Social process of knowledge development Knowledge workers, ‘elites’ Knowledge includes how to deal with information

The Internet Changes the way we engage with ideas and people Offers new possibilities and challenges to individuals and communities Create new information and knowledge activties Still in infancy

Communication and information Most communication is affective not informational Information makes its way though these relationships Construction of knowledge Need local experts in subjects and technologies Information junkies: –Early adopters of internet high media users The Entertainment monster!

Technical layerInfrastructurePhysical networks of computers, routers, switches, hubs and cables Protocols and standardsTCP/IP, application protocols running over TCP/IP or supporting TCP/IP, configurational “platforms”, emerging p-to-p systems. Applications server/client, web server/client, distributed databases, transaction systems. Human, social or Institutional Layer UsersIndividuals, (personal users, ‘work’ users), institutional users, network companies, content and application providers. Real and virtual communities. DevelopmentContent developers, technology developers, infrastructure developers, volunteer and paid developers FinanceUser institutions, Public (government, universities), network companies, broadcasters, service companies, financial markets. Regulators/ GovernanceUsers, user institutions, government, commercial network owners, NGOs ‘Content’ LayerType of Data ‘Multimedia’Structured data, unstructured (text), images, video, audio, interactive applications etc Type of formatWeb Page, music archive, interactive e-commerce site, chat room, , bulletin board, encrypted transaction, streaming radio station, short video clips, surveillance/monitoring data Generic Type of useData interchange, human voice or video communication, server storage, one to many (broadcasting, narrow casting), many to many (community, or market), remote data gathering Specific usePolitical activism, supply chain management, on-line selling, music broadcasting etc Governance LayerOwnership regulationOwnership of networks, control of content, closed/open networks, Use regulation/promotionAppropriate use, universal access, controlled use, legal use Interconnection regulationOpen, closed, commercial, peer to peer, Content regulation/promotionCopyright, Data protection, censorship, freedom of information/speech Mode of governanceApplied to operation and to development. anarchic, oligarchic, democratic, market, governmental, commercial The Internet

Adoption and Use Development Start with communication and personal consumption Build skills and comfort Open possibilities of special information and communication use Creation and participation central We all write the internet

Places and Spaces Both Solitary and social use of media and information Places to access, to communicate and to develop knowledge Physical spaces Virtual spaces