Bell Work 3-10 Write today’s assignments in your planner. Write down and answer the following: What is the hormone that is present in the urine during pregnancy that is detectable by home pregnancy tests? HCG

Chapter 9 Concept Map Review Endocrine system Secondary messenger system Endocrine gland hormones stimuli glands chemistry mechanisms

Chemistry of hormones steroid prostaglandin lipids cholesterol Amino acid based steroid prostaglandin Proteins, peptides, and amines lipids cholesterol Sex hormones and adrenaline

Endocrine gland stimuli Hormonal humoral neural Changes blood level of ions Nerves stimulate hormone release Hormone stimulates Endocrine glands Hypothalamus to anterior pituitary to target glands PTH and calcium

Endocrine glands ovary pineal testis hypothalamus pituitary thyroid parathyroid thymus adrenal pancreas

Pineal Gland melatonin controls sleep cycles

Follicle-stimulating & Luteinizing Fits in turk’s saddle Grape sized Pituitary Gland Master gland Posterior Anterior Glandular tissue neural tissue bones and muscles Growth hormone mammary glands Prolactin Follicle-stimulating & Luteinizing gonads Thyrotropic thyroid Adrenocorticotropic adrenal gland

Stimulates contractions Posterior Pituitary Oxytocin Antidiuretic hormone Increase blood pressure Stimulates contractions Stimulates milk ejection Stops postpartum bleeding Stops urine production Induces labor

Stimulates milk production Unknown function in males Prolactin (PRL) Protein based Pro – for, lact -milk Stimulates milk production Unknown function in males

Maintains blood sugar homeostasis Growth Hormone (GH) Builds protein General metabolic Breaks down fats Maintains blood sugar homeostasis Hyposecretion causes dwarfism Hypersecretion causes gigantism

Hypothalamus Gland Controls pituitary

Thyroid Gland At base of Adam’s apple Thyroid hormone calcitonin Body’s major metabolic hormone Antagonist to Parathyroid hormone Thyroxine (T4) iodine Triiodothyronine (T3)

Thymus Gland Thymosin Matures the T cells

Pancreas islets alpha cells beta cells insulin glucagon Gets glucose into blood = hyperglycemic Gets glucose out of blood = hypoglycemic

Regulates calcium in blood Parathyroid Gland Parathymone (PTH) Regulates calcium in blood If calcium levels too low = uncontrollable spasms (tetany)

Epinephrine and norepinephrine Adrenal Gland medulla cortex neural catecholamines glandular Epinephrine and norepinephrine corticosteroids mineralocorticoids aldosterone glucocorticoids cortisone, cortisol sex hormones Androgens, estrogens

Ovary Progesterone Estrogen Produced by Graafian follicles Produced by Corpus luteum

Testis Androgens Testosterone Produced by interstitial cells