Warm Up #2 Describe how the sun uses nuclear fusion for energy.

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Presentation transcript:

Warm Up #2 Describe how the sun uses nuclear fusion for energy. Why is nuclear fusion able to be possible on the sun? How does nuclear fusion differ from nuclear fission?

Nuclear Decay Continued

It’s Radioactive…so what? Radioactive – the element is UNSTABLE Too many neutrons Result: Nuclear Fission - The nucleus spontaneously DECOMPOSES (breaks down) Breakdown = Decay

How We Measure Radiation Measured in REM (Roentgen-Equivalent, Man) Common things with radiation: X-Rays Cell Phones TV’s Microwaves All are VERY small doses (way less than 1 REM)

Effects of Radiation 50-100 REM = feeling sick 100-500 REM = immune system damage, burns 500-1000 REM = nausea, digestive tract damage, death within days 1000+ REM = coma, death within hours

Chemotherapy - Good Used to treat cancer patients Inject radioactive drugs into body, killing A LOT of cells (including cancer cells) Lose hair/feel awful = effects of radiation and healthy cell death

Hiroshima - Bad 1945 – Atomic bomb dropped, killing 77,000 instantly Over the next 5 years, 200,000+ died Why? Radiation poisoning, burns, and cancer as a result of bomb Nuclear Fission

Review Example: Lithium-7 Mass Number = # Protons + Neutrons (7) ON TOP Atomic Number = # Protons (3) ON BOTTOM

Types of Radioactive Decay Alpha – large particle, little penetrating power If ingested, can damage lung/organ cells Beta – smaller than alpha, cannot penetrate skin, but can burn it Gamma – smallest, can penetrate almost anything, doing a lot of damage

Types of Decay [Greek Alphabet Status] Alpha – Element breaks down to release a HELIUM molecule HEAVY decay Mass # LOSES 4 (helium’s mass is 4) Atomic # LOSES 2 (helium’s atomic is 2)

Types of Decay Continued Beta Decay – Element breaks down to form a loose ELECTRON Positron Production – Element breaks down to form POSITRON (positively charged electron) e

One More… Gamma Decay – an element loses ENERGY, not particles. Element STAYS the same, just in less excited state Gamma symbol: γ

Quick Quiz You are given Thorium-250. Write it with Mass # on top, Symbol, then Atomic # on bottom Show what would happen if it underwent ALPHA decay. Show BETA decay. Show POSITRON emission.