By: Mark Torres Human Anatomy and Physiology II TR3:15-6:00

Most common form of Hyperthyrodism is Grave’s Disease Disease named after Robert J. Graves, MD, around the 1830s Occurs ten times more in females than in male, usually before the age of 40.

Thyroid gland disorder affect all major body systems and the most common endocrine disorder Hyperthyroidism is a condition in which the thyroid gland produces to much thyroid hormones.

The two hormones that are produced are thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). Thyroid Hormones effects are: Increase Basal metabolic rate Maintain normal body temperature Stimulate proten synthesis and lipolysis Enhance catecholamines Regulate body growth

Autoimmune Disease The person produces antibodies the mimic thyroid- stimulating hormone (TSH). This stimulates the thyroid gland to grow and produce an overabundant amount of thyroid hormones. Grave’s disease is usually treatable unless left on treated in which I can become life- threatening.

With the over production of TSH and thyroid stimulating immunoglobulins (TSI), thyrotoxicosis will occur.

Some signs include: increased heart rate, goiter, protruding eyes, hyperactive reflexes, hand termor Blood test can be done to measure the thyroid hormones level. TSH is usually low while T3 and T4 are high Another test is radioactive iodine uptake.

Symptoms that may come up if you have hyperthyroidism or Grave’s Disease are; anxiety, fatigue, weight loss, sweating, difficult sleeping, muscle weakness, diarrhea, nausea, clammy skin, etc…

Protruding eyes Goiter

Antithyroid Medications Radioactive iodine (destroys thyroid glands and stops the production of hormones) Thyroidectomy (removal of part or all of the thyroid gland)

If the thyroid is destroyed or removed, one may need to take thyroid hormone replacement pills for the rest of their life. Beta- blockers are also given to patients to treat symptoms like rapid heart beat, anxity