VIEWS ON ABORIGINALS IN CANADA CANADIAN RACE RELATIONS FOUNDATION AND THE ASSOCIATION FOR CANADIAN STUDIES MARCH, 2013

The findings were collected from a survey of 1800 Canadians which included an oversample of 500 respondents born outside of Canada. It was conducted by the firm Leger Marketing for the Canadian Race Relations Foundation and the Association for Canadian Studies during the week of March, Done via web panel, the probabilistic margin of error is 2.9 percent 19 times out of 20 METHODOLOGY

CONTACT WITH ABORIGINALS AND TRENDS IN OPINION

AMONGST SEVERAL GROUPS CANADIANS LEAST LIKELY TO REPORT CONTACT WITH ABORIGNALS; IMMIGRANTS LEAST LIKELY TO REPORT HAVING SUCH CONTACT Have Contact in percentage TotalNon-ImmigrantImmigrant AboriginalsOften Occasionally Immigrants Often Occasionally English Canadians Often Occasionally French Quebecers Often Occasionally Jews Often Occasionally Muslims Often Occasionally

BETWEEN 2012 AND 2013 SLIGHT DECLINE IN FAVORABLE VIEW OF ABORIGINALS WHICH IS MOST PRONOUNCED IN ENGLISH CANADA AND MISTRUST ALSO RISES AMONGST SAME GROUP AboriginalsTotalFrenchEnglishOther March 2013 Very Positive Opinion 12.8%8.9%13.6%14.8% Somewhat Positive Opinion 47.5%54.1%44.6%48.8% Total Positive 60.3% 63% 58.2% 63.3% March 2012Total Positive 64.9%61.2%67.9%62.3% Very Positive Opinion 19.7%14.2%21.6%20.9% Somewhat Positive 45.2%47.0%46.3%41.4% March 2013 Low Trust 35.1% 29.6%37.3%35.5% March 2012 Low Trust 36.4%47.6%29.8%41.4%

SIX IN TEN CANADIANS HAVE A POSITIVE OPINION OF ABORIGINALS Net Positive OPINION OF TotalNon-ImmigrantImmigrant Aboriginals 60%59%63% Muslims 50%47%58% Jews 70%73%64% Immigrants 75%71%85% Catholics 71% 74% Protestants 75%77%70% Atheists 60%62%54%

RELATIONS BETWEEN ABORIGINALS AND NON- ABORIGINALS AND TRUST

CANADIANS DIVIDED WHEN ASSESSING WHETHER RELATIONS BETWEEN ABORIGINALS AND NON- ABORIGINALS ARE POSITIVE The relations between Aboriginals and non-Aboriginals TotalNon-ImmigrantImmigrant NET POSITIVE44%43%46% Very positive8% 7% Somewhat positive36%35%38% NET NEGATIVE47%48%46% Somewhat negative38% Very negative9%10%8% I prefer not answering 9%

IMMIGRANTS MOST CONCERNED ABOUT RELATIONS BETWEEN ABORIGINALS AND NON-ABORIGINALS AND MUSLIMS AND NON-MUSLIMS Total PositiveTotal Non- Immigrant Immigrant The relations between Aboriginals and non- Aboriginals 44%43%46% The relations Between Muslims and non- Muslims 37%34%46% The relations between Religious and Secular 43%41%48% The relations between Immigrants and non- Immigrants 65%63%71%

ONE IN FOUR CANADIANS SAY THEY LACK TRUST IN ABORIGINALS Low Trust Of TotalNon-ImmigrantImmigrant Aboriginals Catholics18 Protestants Jews Muslims Immigrants

PRINCIPAL FACTORS CANADIANS ATTRIBUTE TO ABORIGINAL CHALLENGES

CANADIANS DIVIDED AROUND FACTORS THEY ATTRIBUTE TO SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED BY ABORIGINALS Please rank in order the factors contributing to the social and economic problems currently confronted by aboriginals in Canada. TotalNon-ImmigrantImmigrant The Role of the Federal Government 27%26%30% Aboriginal Leaders24%25%21% Historic and Societal Prejudice 26% 25% The areas of Canada they reside 10%11%10% Our legislative and constitutional framework 12%11%14%

EASTERN CANADA MORE LIKELY TO BLAME GOVERNMENT FOR PROBLEMS WHILE PRAIRIES AND BC MORE LIKELY TO HOLD LEADERS RESPONSIBLE Please rank in order the factors contributing to the social and economic problems currently confronted by aboriginals in Canada. ATLANTICQCONMB/SKABBC The Role of the Federal Government 35%30%28%13%28%25% Aboriginal Leaders20%16%23%41%24%36% Historic and Societal Prejudice 26%29%26%21%25%22% The areas of Canada they reside 13%8%12%16%10%6% Our legislative and constitutional framework 6%17%11%10%13%11%

ABORIGINAL PROTEST:OPINION ON IDLE NO MORE

NEARLY SEVEN IN TEN CANADIANS REPORT KNOWLEDGE OF IDLE NO MORE I am aware of the Aboriginal Movement Idle No More TotalNon-ImmigrantImmigrant NET AGREE68%70%63% Strongly agree28%30%22% Somewhat agree40% 41% NET DISAGREE14% 15% Somewhat disagree8%7%8% Strongly disagree7% 8% I don't know16%14%20% I prefer not to answer2%1%2%

WESTERN CANADA MORE FAMILIAR WITH ABORIGINAL PROTEST MOVEMENT I am aware of the Aboriginal Movement Idle No More ATLANTICQCONMB/SKABBC NET AGREE71%55%69%78%76%77% Strongly agree34%22%29%35%32%27% Somewhat agree37%34%40%43%44%51% NET DISAGREE12%19%13% 15%10% Somewhat disagree6%9%6%10%11%6% Strongly disagree5%10%7%3%4% I don't know14%24%16%8%7%12% I prefer not to answer3%1%2%1%

IMPACT OF CONTACT WITH ABORIGINALS

GREATER CONTACT WITH ABORIGINALS RESULTS IN MORE POSITIVE VIEWS Very positive, somewhat positive, somewhat negative or very negative opinion of Aboriginals had contact with Aboriginals of Canada OftenOccasionallyRarelyNever Very positive 30.3%14.4%10.5%6.7% Somewhat positive 43.6%55.1%46.4%46.3% Somewhat negative 16.1%20.3%28.8%25.8% Very negative 6.0%4.7%7.1%9.8% I prefer not answering 4.1%5.5%7.1%11.4%

THOSE REPORTING GREATER CONTACT WITH ABORIGINALS HAVE HIGHER DEGREE OF TRUST Had contact with Aboriginals of Canada Aboriginals OftenOccasionallyRarelyNever Trusted a lot 34.9%21.4%18.2%10.6% Somewhat trusted 44.0%58.5%54.0%53.3% Trusted a little 12.4%15.5%21.4%23.6% Not trusted at all 8.7%4.7%6.4%12.6%

THOSE REPORTING GREATER CONTACT WITH ABORIGINALS MORE LIKELY TO HOLD A FAVORABLE VIEW OF RELATIONS had contact with Aboriginals of Canada Relations between Aboriginals and non-Aboriginals OftenOccasionallyRarelyNever Very positive 17.5%7.8%5.4%5.5% Somewhat positive 41.0%44.3%36.1%28.0% Somewhat negative 27.2%35.6%43.0%41.3% Very negative 10.1%5.9%9.1%13.2% I prefer not answering 4.1%6.4% 12.0%

THOSE WHO OFTEN HAVE CONTACT WITH ABORIGINALS MORE SYMPATHETIC TO PROTEST MOVEMENT The Aboriginal protest movement Idle No More had contact with Aboriginals of Canada OftenOccasionallyRarelyNever Very positive 17.0%10.6%8.0%5.9% Somewhat positive 29.4%36.2%30.5%22.6% Somewhat negative 22.9%25.2%28.0%26.0% Very negative 15.6%17.2%20.0%21.7% I prefer not answering 15.1%10.8%13.4%23.8%

CONTACT WITH ABORIGINALS HAS LITTLE IMPACT ON ASSESSMENT OF FACTORS INFLUENCING SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC CHALLENGES Had contact with Aboriginals of Canada Rank in order the factors contributing to the social and economic problems currently encountered by aboriginals in Canada. OftenOccasionallyRarelyNever The Role of the Federal Government 27.9%26.7%25.5%29.2% Aboriginal Leaders 24.2%22.7%28.4%22.9% Historic and Societal Prejudice 25.6%30.1%25.9%23.7% The areas of Canada 9.1%8.1%10.2%11.8% Our legislative and constitutional framework 13.2%12.5%10.0%12.4%