Prenatal Development and Care

Development Through Pregnancy First Trimester- Month 1 thru 3 Second Trimester- Month 4 thru 6 Third Trimester- Month 7 thru 9

First Trimester Source: http://pregnancy.about.com/cs/ultrasounds/l/bluspic1aaaah.htm

Month 1 Mommy Baby Embryonic Development Embryo - cluster of developing cells following implantation. Placenta - blood-rich tissue sac holding the embryo Umbillical Cord – tube for nutrients to pass from mommy to baby Mommy Cessation of menstrual cycle

Month 2 Mommy Baby Breasts swell “morning sickness,” fatigue Frequent urination Baby Bones and Muscles form, brain develops Digestive organs Face, eyes, ears, limbs Heart beating for a month Baby known as fetus

Month 3 Baby Mommy Liver, kidneys Full, firm, achy breasts Sex organs Eyes lids, nostrils, mouth, lips, teeth buds Major body systems working Mommy Full, firm, achy breasts 2-4 lbs total weight gain Abdomen enlargement Uterus = size of orange

Second Trimester Source: http://pregnancy.about.com/cs/ultrasounds/l/bluspic2acaaaac.htm

Month 4 Mommy Baby Gender is noticed Facial features clearer Increased appetite More emotional Discomforts gone Baby Gender is noticed Facial features clearer Hands & feet well- formed Brisk movement

Lanugo forms (wax-like Fingernails and toenails Month 5 Baby 8-10 in. long Lanugo forms (wax-like coat to protect skin) Heart beats hard Fingernails and toenails formed

Fetal Heart heard via stethoscope Month 5 Mommy Pregnancy is obvious Fetal Heart heard via stethoscope 10-12 lbs total weight gain

Month 6 Baby Eyelids open Taste buds on tongue Weighs 1.5 - 2 lbs 8 – 10 in. long Breathing begins

Month 6 Mommy Baby’s movements are strong 10 – 12 lbs. total weight gain

Source: http://pregnancy.about.com/cs/ultrasounds/l/blusindex.htm Third Trimester Source: http://pregnancy.about.com/cs/ultrasounds/l/blusindex.htm

Month 7 Baby Mommy Cries weekly, sucks thumb Eye lids separate Baby active, then rests Mommy Posture affected by ↑ weight and size

Month 8 Baby Mommy Lanugo shed, vernix present 2 – 3 lb weight gain Settles into head-down position Startled movement 14 – 16 in. long Mommy Back aches, leg cramps, shortness of breath 18 – 20 lbs total weight gain Fetal kicks felt

Month 9 Baby Mommy Full growth rate ↑ Slowed movement due to cramped space Descends into pelvis, prepares for birth Mommy Easier to breath due to fetus dropping into pelvis Uterus size = small watermelon Braxton-Hicks contractions Total wt. gain = 24-30 lbs

~Overview of Development~

Complications & Risks Miscarriage: spontaneous abortion Stillbirth: birth of a death fetus alcohol use (FAS), drug use, disease-causing organisms such as herpes, HIV/AIDS, food additives, toxins, aspirin and some antibiotics

Caring for Yourself! Regular doctor visits Prenatal vitamins (folic acid) Avoid alcohol and drug use Ample and quality rest Exercise sensibly Drink plenty of water Eating for two now! Recommended classes (childbirth, Lamaze, sibling)

Lack of Prenatal Care Low birth weight Shorter gestational period Unrecognized deformities, diseases and conditions

Emotions Fear Depression Apprehension Anxiety

Birth of Your Baby!!

-Stages of Delivery- Stage 1: Dilation must be at 10 cm for delivery “Water Breaking” first sign on labor

Stage 2 Passage through birth canal (delivery)

Stage 3 Afterbirth Contractions continue for up to 15 minutes to delivery the placenta, known as the afterbirth. Source: http://www.uen.org/Lessonplan/preview.cgi?LPid=3982

The Apgar Test A – Activity P – Pulse G – Grimace (facial expression, reflexes) A – Appearance (color) R – Respiration performed right at delivery and minutes after

Resources for Expectant Mothers Community resources include hospitals, walk-in clinics, doctors offices Government resources include county health departments. Others: March of Dimes, Planned Parenthood