Types of Chemical Reactions H+H+ OH - Mg 2+ O 2- Cu 2+ Fe 2+ H2OH2O Na + N 3- CO 2 Li + NO 3 - Valence can tell us how many electrons elements are willing to ACCEPT, DONATE, or SHARE… The Charge on an ion can tell us which other ions it wants to be near… What are the Types of Chemical Reactions we can control? Open your workbook to a blank page – you will want record the five reaction types!

Types of Chemical Reactions H+H+ OH - Mg 2+ O 2- Cu 2+ Fe 2+ H2OH2O Na + N 3- CO 2 Li + NO 3 - Hydrocarbons can be burned in a Combustion Reaction Burning gas for use in a Bunsen Burner… Methane + Oxygen → Carbon dioxide + Water CH 4(gas) + 2O 2(gas) → CO 2(gas) + 2H 2 O (liquid) Chemical Word Equation: Chemical Formulae:

Types of Chemical Reactions H+H+ OH - Mg 2+ O 2- Cu 2+ Fe 2+ H2OH2O Na + N 3- CO 2 Li + NO 3 - Combustion Reaction C x H y + O 2 → CO 2 + H 2 O A combustion reaction is when all elements in a compound are combined with oxygen, which then produces carbon dioxide and water.

Types of Chemical Reactions H+H+ OH - Mg 2+ O 2- Cu 2+ Fe 2+ H2OH2O Na + N 3- CO 2 Li + NO 3 - Multiple elements or compounds can form a new compound in a Combination Reaction Carbon dioxideWater

Types of Chemical Reactions H+H+ OH - Mg 2+ O 2- Cu 2+ Fe 2+ H2OH2O Na + N 3- CO 2 Li + NO 3 - Multiple elements or compounds can form a new compound in a Combination Reaction + Water → Carbonic Acid Carbon dioxideWater CO 2(gas) + H 2 O (liquid) → H 2 CO 3 (aqueous solution) Chemical Word Equation: Chemical Formulae:

Types of Chemical Reactions H+H+ OH - Mg 2+ O 2- Cu 2+ Fe 2+ H2OH2O Na + N 3- CO 2 Li + NO 3 - Combination Reaction A + B → C The reactants (A and B) can be either pure elements, or compounds. The product (C) is a new compound formed from the reactants.

Types of Chemical Reactions H+H+ OH - Mg 2+ O 2- Cu 2+ Fe 2+ H2OH2O Na + N 3- CO 2 Li + NO 3 - A compound can be broken into simpler substances in a Decomposition Reaction How do we get fuel for our Hydrogen Fuel-cell cars of the future? Water →Hydrogen+ Oxygen H 2 O (liquid) → H 2(gas) + O 2(gas) Chemical Word Equation: Chemical Formulae:

Types of Chemical Reactions H+H+ OH - Mg 2+ O 2- Cu 2+ Fe 2+ H2OH2O Na + N 3- CO 2 Li + NO 3 - Decomposition Reaction AB → A + B The reactant (AB) is a compound. The products (A + B) can be elements or compounds.

Types of Chemical Reactions H+H+ OH - Mg 2+ O 2- Cu 2+ Fe 2+ H2OH2O Na + N 3- CO 2 Li + NO 3 - A compound can break up, and one element can find a new partner straight away in Single Replacement Reactions Sodium metal in water… Sodium + Water→ Hydrogen + Sodium Hydroxide 2Na (solid) + 2H 2 O (liquid) → H 2(gas) + 2NaOH (aqueous) Chemical Word Equation: Chemical Formulae:

Types of Chemical Reactions H+H+ OH - Mg 2+ O 2- Cu 2+ Fe 2+ H2OH2O Na + N 3- CO 2 Li + NO 3 - A compound can break up, and one element can find a new partner straight away in Single Replacement Reactions Sodium + Water→ Hydrogen + Sodium Hydroxide 2Na (solid) + 2H 2 O (liquid) → H 2(gas) + 2NaOH (aqueous) Chemical Word Equation: Chemical Formulae: Think of the water as a hydrogen atom with an OH - bonded to it… The OH - breaks up with the hydrogen and links with the Sodium.

Types of Chemical Reactions H+H+ OH - Mg 2+ O 2- Cu 2+ Fe 2+ H2OH2O Na + N 3- CO 2 Li + NO 3 - Single Replacement Reactions A + BC → B + AC A and B are elements. BC and AC are compounds.

Types of Chemical Reactions H+H+ OH - Mg 2+ O 2- Cu 2+ Fe 2+ H2OH2O Na + N 3- CO 2 Li + NO 3 - Two compounds can react to form two new compounds in Double Replacement Reactions This type of chemical reaction features heavily in REDOX reactions (Year 11 & 12), where electrons move from one place to another… This reaction is also responsible for Precipitation reactions where a solid falls out of a solution.

Types of Chemical Reactions H+H+ OH - Mg 2+ O 2- Cu 2+ Fe 2+ H2OH2O Na + N 3- CO 2 Li + NO 3 - Double Replacement Reactions Two compounds… Silver NitratePotassium Chloride AgNO 3 KCl + → The Ag + and K + cations, along with the NO 3 - and Cl - anions, all mix in an aqueous solution. Ag + and Cl - fit soo well together, they link together and fall out of the solution as a solid – AgCl precipitates out of solution. AgCl (s) + KNO 3 (aqueous) (aqueous)

Types of Chemical Reactions H+H+ OH - Mg 2+ O 2- Cu 2+ Fe 2+ H2OH2O Na + N 3- CO 2 Li + NO 3 - Double Replacement Reactions AB + CD → AD + CB Cations A and C exchange anions B and D.

Types of Chemical Reactions H+H+ OH - Mg 2+ O 2- Cu 2+ Fe 2+ H2OH2O Na + N 3- CO 2 Li + NO 3 - Five types of Chemical Reactions: Combustion Reaction C x H y + O 2 → CO 2 + H 2 O Double Replacement Reactions AB + CD → AD + CB Combination Reaction A + B → C Decomposition Reaction AB → A + B Single Replacement Reactions A + BC → B + AC