 Get your computer and your journal  Find Mrs. Staats’ website  Open the Earthquake Notes  Complete  Go to Quizlets and take the Earthquake and volcano quizlet.

 Earthquakes produce three Types of Waves that behave differently through different materials. Earthquakes are the buildup of stress or tension in rocks or faults.

 1IWr6O4&feature=player_embedded 1IWr6O4&feature=player_embedded 3 types of waves to study Primary Waves (P) Secondary Waves (S) Surface Waves

 Under the surface of the Earth  Where earthquakes originate.  P waves and S waves are released from here.

 Point where energy is released from the focus.  Travels the FASTEST of the waves  Move through solid and liquid layers of Earth  PUSH and PULL rock back and forth motion  LONGITUDINAL WAVES

 Moves out from earthquake focus  Moves SLOWER than primary waves  Can ONLY move throug SOLID rock  Moves at right angles/rocks move up/down and side to side  TRANSVERSE WAVES

 Form when P and S waves reach the SURFACE  Can cause the ground to shake making rock sway from side to side and ROLL LIKE THE OCEAN.  Explain how scientists use data from seismic waves and Earth’s magnetic field.

 the epicenter is the point on Earth’s surface directly above where the energy is released in an earthquake; energy that reaches the surface is greatest at this point.

 The energy spreads outward in all directions as vibrations called seismic waves. Seismic waves can be measured and recorded by a seismograph.  The vibration record, called a seismogram, looks like jagged lines on paper.

 Measuring the time between the arrival of the P and S waves determines the distance between the recording seismograph and the earthquake epicenter.

 Triangulation identifies the epicenter of an earthquake. The location of an earthquake’s epicenter is found by plotting circles on a map from the records of three seismograph stations and finding the point where the three circles intersect. 

 Scientist use the principle that speed and direction of a seismic wave depends on the material it travels through.  Because earthquake waves travel faster through the mantle than through the crust, scientist know that the mantle is denser than the crust.

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 EPICENTER – the point on Earth’s surface directly above where the energy is released in an earthquake.

 * energy spreads outward in all directions as vibrations.. Measured by seismograph  Seismogram –vibration record  Measuring the time between the arrival of the P and S waves determines the distance..  Triangulation-identifies the epicenter of an earthquake. Find where 3 circles intersect.

 Forms- molten rock cools and hardens  Cooling taking place slowly- intrusive  Cooling taking place rapidly- extrusive

 Forms when rocks are changed into different kinds of rocks  How? Heat, pressure, heated, squeezed, folded, chemically changed by hot fluids

 Forms by compaction/cementation of rock pieces, mineral grains, shell fragments  Sediments- rock pieces, minerals, fragments formed by weathering or erosion  Chemcial change by water

 Two type of properties  Physical properties: hardness, luster, color, texture, density  Chemical Properties: ability to burn, reactivity with acids

 Minerals – natural, solid, building blocks for rock  Ores – mined for useful metals and nonmetals  Fossil Fuels – come from remains of living things: give off energy when they burn.