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Natural/ Artificial Selection Important Terms Grab Bag 10 Point 20 Points 30 Points 40 Points 50 Points 10 Point 20 Points 30 Points 40 Points 50 Points 30 Points 40 Points 50 Points Evidence of Evolution Hardy- Weinberg
If an allele makes up three-fourths of a population’s alleles for a given trait, its relative frequency is this.
75 percent
In a population, the sum of the relative frequencies of all alleles for a particular trait is
100 percent or 1
Name two of the five things that must be true in order to have genetic equilibrium.
No Natural Selection Random Mating No Migration Large Population No Mutation
If the allele for PTC tasters is 0.4, and PTC tasting is recessive trait, what is the frequency of p?
0.6
If 72% of fruit flies have normal wings and normal wings are dominant over curly wings, what is the number of flies in 1000 that would show the dominant phenotype?
720
What is artificial selection?
Purposeful selection of traits desired for offspring
What were two observations made by Darwin that led him to believe natural selection was happening? (specific requirements for natural selection)
Competition, Variation, Adaptation, Overproduction
Which of the rabbits would be best suited to mate if you would like a white fur bunny with Floppy ears?
Rabbits 1 and 6
What does natural selection work directly on?
phenotypes
Explain survival of the fittest
The most adapted to survive in the environment with live and pass on their genes to offspring.
Which type of evidence did Darwin probably use? Why?
Fossils; he didn’t have scientific equipment
How does a fossil form?
Compression of footprint/bone into rock for a long time
What are two pieces of evidence used to explain evolution?
Fossils Embryology Comparative Anatomy Behavioral Connections Biochemical Similarities
Which animal has the closest DNA sequence to humans?
Chimpanzee
What is the difference between homologous and analogous structures?
Homologous: similar structure, different function Analogous: different structure, similar function
The separation of populations by barriers such as rivers, mountains, or bodies of water is called _____.
Geographic Isolation
A population is said to be in ________ ________ when following the five properties of Hardy- Weinberg.
Genetic Equilibrium
New species formation through isolation.
Speciation
This is what occurs when organisms are selected for or against based on phenotypes.
Natural Selection
When looking at p or q in the Hardy- Weinberg Principle, what is being compared?
Allele Frequencies
What is the theory of evolution?
All animals evolved from a common ancestor and evolution is change over time
The two main sources of genetic variation are ________ and ______.
Gene shuffling and mutations
In organisms that reproduce sexually, inheritable variation is due mostly to ______.
Gene shuffling during gamete formation
What MUST be found first when doing Hardy- Weinberg problems?
q2q2
Label each component of the Hardy-Weinberg Principle. p 2 +2pq +q 2 =1
p 2 = homozygous dominant 2pq = heterozygous q 2 = homozygous recessive 1 = total in gene pool
Make your wager
What game did Hardy like to play with Punnett?
Cricket