Chapter 14 Psychological Disorders

Historical Perspectives of Psychological Disorders. Demon Possession Poor treatment of the mentally ill. Stigma Pyscho-dynamic origins..

Psychological Disorders Def. behavior must be judged as atypical, disturbing, maladaptive, and unjustifiable –Atypical & Disturbing -varies across cultures –Maladaptive-defined as a behavior that causes –Unjustifiable-is behavior rational

Theories of the Nature, Causes, and Treatment of Psychological Disorders Medieval Times-evil spirit Medical Perspective Medical Model

Current Theory Bio-psychosocial approach –Develop when a biological predisposition (diasthesis) is triggered by a stressful circumstance. –Biology, psychology and social risk factors all play a role in mental disorders.

Bio-Psycho-Social Perspective Biological-individuals genes, brain structure and chemistry. Socio-cultural-roles, expectations, and definitions of normality defined by the individuals culture. Psychological –stress, trauma, and mood related perceptions and memories

Classifying Psychological Disorders DSM IV-manual recognized by the APA as system for classifying disorders. Diagnostic Class

Problems with ”labeling” Psychological Disorders Rosenhan (1973) – Stanford Stigma Media Presentation

Mood Disorder Depression –Major Depressive Disorder –Dsythymia Bipolar Disorder

Causes of Mood Disorders Cognitive Psychologists Biological Psychologists Psychoanalytic Theorists

Anxiety Disorder Specific Phobia Social Phobia Agoraphobia Panic Disorder Generalized Anxiety Disorder Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Anxiety Disorder Caused by Stressful Events –Acute Stress Disorder –Post traumatic Disorder

Causes of Anxiety Disorders Cognitive Psychologists Biological Perspective Psychoanalytic Theorists

Psychosomatic & Somatoform Disorder Psychosomatic Disorders Somatoform Disorders –Somatization disorder –Conversion disorder –Hypochodriasis –Body Dysmorphic

Causes of Somatoform Disorder Psychoanalytic Perspective Cognitive Behavioral Therapists

Dissociative Disorders Dissociative Amnesia Dissociative Fugue Dissociative Identity

Personality Disorder Schizoid personality disorder Paranoid personality disorder Dependent personality disorder Avoidant personality disorder Narcistic personality disorder Borderline personality disorder Antisocial personality disorder

Schizophrenia Disorganized thinking Disturbed Perceptions Inappropriate Emotions

Understanding Schizophrenia Causes –Brain abnormality –Brain anatomy –Genetic factors –Predisposition

Childhood Disorders Attention-Deficit/hyperactivity Disorder Autistic Disorder