Prof. A. Taleb-Bendiab, ETEC’08, April 2008, page: 1 Prof. A. Taleb-Bendiab Liverpool John Moores University School of Computing

Prof. A. Taleb-Bendiab, ETEC’08, April 2008, page: 2 Outline  Motivations and scene setting  Stringent modern expectations  Rise of global service economy  Drivers for a paradigm shift  Internet of Services  Requirements including socio-technical  E-Service Computing: Science and technology  Brief introduction, definitions and state of the art  WS, SOA, Autonomic Computing, etc.  Understanding e-service engineering  Our Approach, results and case-studies  Remaining challenges and open questions  Conclusions and Q&A

Prof. A. Taleb-Bendiab, ETEC’08, April 2008, page: 3 Emerging Networked Landscapes

Prof. A. Taleb-Bendiab, ETEC’08, April 2008, page: 4 Drivers for Change  Modern Expectations  Higher availability -- near-100% availability on 24x7 delivery basis  Higher malleability -- organic change, and just-in-time growth and adaptation  Allowing flexible system up scaling without sacrificing performance, availability or maintainability  Lower maintainability and administration requirements  80% IT budgets spent on applications operation, maintenance and post production retro-fitting, etc. (Forrester survey, 2006).  Higher survivability for business continuity  Service outages are frequent and costly  65% of IT managers report that their websites were unavailable to customers over a 6-mth period  25% indicate 3 or more outages  outage costs are high  Social effects: negative press, loss of customers [Source: InternetWeek 4/3/2000]  Catastrophic failure of critical systems

Prof. A. Taleb-Bendiab, ETEC’08, April 2008, page: 5 Searching for Inspirations  Social and biological systems  Learning from other industries  Specialisation and service commodity  Extended value chain == demand + supply chains  Agility is critical to delivering mission/business critical systems  Rise of the Internet of Services vision  anticipated to reshaping our methods and processes for  development, source, commission, deployment and management of large-scale complex software systems as those required for  e-government, e-health, and e-learning systems  Will have a set of socio-technical implications including:  organisational flexibility, organisational alignment, working practices and strategies and control.

Prof. A. Taleb-Bendiab, ETEC’08, April 2008, page: 6 IoS Challenges  Technical Challenges  Conceptual frameworks, foundations and standards  Tools and techniques for design-time and runtime services engineering  composition, discovery, orchestration and federation in an open environment; identity, trust and reputation;  deployment and management, and consistency check tools  Service infrastructure:  Generic Business Services; End-to-End Management Services; Information Exchange and Resource Virtualisation Services;  Techniques and benchmarks for the effective evaluation.  Business models and sustainability for the IoS economy.  Social and organisational challenges :: [ This is not covered in this talk]

Prof. A. Taleb-Bendiab, ETEC’08, April 2008, page: 7 Progress so far… #1  State-of-the-art  Business Process Modelling [Process-Centric Architecture Talk]  Process models that define business practices and needs  Often changing; what was correct yesterday, may be out of date today  Complex; often encoded as business logic within applications, making it difficult to update  Domain challenges; an expert in the problem domain may not be an expert in SE development  Ambiguous; different parts of the enterprise may have differing opinions on the exact nature of the processes.  Web Service [WS Talk]  Service-Component Architecture [SOA Talk]  Self-Adaptive and Self-Organising [AC and SASO Talk]

Prof. A. Taleb-Bendiab, ETEC’08, April 2008, page: 8 E-Service Modelling Source: Ref. 1

Prof. A. Taleb-Bendiab, ETEC’08, April 2008, page: 9 APSCOA Technology #1  Technology  Business Process Management  Business Process Modelling Notation  Open source solution  ActiveBPEL Execution engine and designer,  WS-BPEL based on WS standards and architecture such as  Interface/Definition: WSDL, XML Schema  Protocols: SOAP over HTTP/HTTPS, SOAP/Plain XML over JMS, REST, JAVA/EJB Invocation, WS-Reliable Messaging  Orchestration:: BPEL 1.1/2.0, BPEL Extension for People, WS-Human Task  Security/Identification/ Authentication: WS-Security, SAML, LDAP  Governance: WS-Policy  Expression Languages: XPath, XQuery, XSLT and JavaScript  Attachments: SOAP with Attachments

Prof. A. Taleb-Bendiab, ETEC’08, April 2008, page: 10 APSCOA technology #2  Service-Oriented Modelling Framework (SOMF)  is a software development practice that employs disciplines and a universal language to provide tactical and strategic solutions to enterprise problems.  SOMF methodology provides open standard modelling language for  holistic view of the Analysis, Design, and Architecture of all 'Software Entities' in an Organization.  Problem Domain Organization == Business  Solution Domain Organization == Service solution providers Source: SOMF

Prof. A. Taleb-Bendiab, ETEC’08, April 2008, page: 11 APSCOA technology #3  Centralised Self-* Computing  Characterising AC Systems  A software system is autonomic, if it possesses the following capabilities:  Self-configuring— choosing a suitable behaviour, based on user preferences, context, …  Self-tuning— choosing behaviours that optimize certain qualities (performance, year-end profits, …)  Self-repairing— shifting execution to another behaviour, given that the current one is failing  Self-protecting— choosing a behaviour that minimizes risks (attacks, viruses, …)

Prof. A. Taleb-Bendiab, ETEC’08, April 2008, page: 12 Bringing it all together !

Prof. A. Taleb-Bendiab, ETEC’08, April 2008, page: 13 On-Demand e-Services Provisioning for SME  Merseyside On-Demand ICT Provisioning Centre:  Marketplace-oriented provision and management of on-demand software hosting and management services for SME.  Merseyside On-Demand ICT Observatory Centre:  Roadmap for technology R&D and innovative services  Showcase project -- demonstrators, etc.  K&T transfer  Advanced training and support for  engineering, operation and management of On-demand ICT.

Prof. A. Taleb-Bendiab, ETEC’08, April 2008, page: 14 BP to SOA -- Dental Triage Demo. Current System Re-engineering via Neptune toolkit New Visual Modelling of Protocol or process flow New Grid-Based System Process is compiled into an open introspective format

Prof. A. Taleb-Bendiab, ETEC’08, April 2008, page: 15 An Application so far …  High-assurance Grid- based decision support systems  Combining evidence and guidelines  Clinical pathway development studio  Demo. for  Breast cancer  OOH – Dental triage service  Sens&Act Body Area Network

Prof. A. Taleb-Bendiab, ETEC’08, April 2008, page: 16

Prof. A. Taleb-Bendiab, ETEC’08, April 2008, page: 17

Prof. A. Taleb-Bendiab, ETEC’08, April 2008, page: 18 Market-Driven E-Service  Service provision  Centralised  Decentralised mode  Load balancing  Monitoring  Health check  Regulation  Learning 18

Prof. A. Taleb-Bendiab, ETEC’08, April 2008, page: 19 Prof. A. Taleb-Bendiab, talk: Panel for WEBIST’07, Date: 06/09/2015, Slide: 19 Conclusions and Q&A

Prof. A. Taleb-Bendiab, ETEC’08, April 2008, page: 20 Acknowledgements  Acknowledgement  The researchers and staff:  Dr. Weal Omar, Dr. Phil Miseldine, Dr. Martin Randles, David Lamb, Andy Laws, etc.     Sponsors and Partners  EPSRC  Christies and Linda McCartney NHS trusts  Emergency services  Acknowledgements  Acknowledgements  My thanks to the Team 

That’s the end – so I’m off !