Wildlife Tracker: Detailed Design Review MSD I Team P14347

Team P14347 & Introduction MemberRole Eric Peterson Team Leader / EE Alex Pelkey ME Joseph Ciccarello EE Frank Meola EE Timothy Nash ME

Agenda  Progress Report  Project Background  System Analysis  Mechanical Analysis  Electrical Analysis  Risk Assessment  Test Plan  Action Items/MSD II Plan  Questions

Current & Desired State  Injured animals can travel substantial distances, may be difficult to track  Game which has been shot and cannot be found leads to more animal deaths and inefficient hunting  Wildlife Tracker will detach from arrow and remain attached to animal  Handheld device will provide GPS location of animal

Progress Report  Cellphone & Google Maps Integration has been researched & found to be a viable User Module  Circuitry Block Diagrams Established (w/ Pin Connections)  Enclosure Model Completed  Began Purchasing Test Parts  Arrows & Broadheads  Linx Technologies  Initial Arrow Attachment Deviation Experiment ready for trial  Refined Budget  Faculty Review Consultations Completed  Dr. Amuso  Dr. P. Venkataraman Previous Questions:  Burst vs. Continuous Transmission – Burst will utilized for the application (10-15 min. bursts)  FCC Safety Requirements – SAR (Specific Absorption Rate) 1.6 W/kg

Stakeholders  Primary Customer: Dr. Eli Saber  Faculty Guide: Art North  End Users: Bow Hunters  Other: Hunting Stores/Distributors, Game Wardens, Environmental Activists, Linx Technologies  MSD Team 14347

Project Deliverables  Durable re-attachable tracking device that connects onto an arrow  Handheld user device that monitors the location of the GPS attachment  ‘Second Chance’ retrieval feature (In case shot is not fatal)  Intuitive, easy to understand User Manual  Cellphone GPS application

Benchmarking  GameVector Deer Recover System $ Grains (2.9 grams) Battery life of hours Up to two mile range Tested for bows shooting up to 300 feet per second Currently sold out

Customer Requirements

Engineering Requirements

Requirement Mapping

Functional Decomposition Locate Wildlife Attach to Arrow Access Arrow Attach to Wildlife Does not alter Shot Detach from Arrow Link to Animal Remains attached during Flight Protect Functional Integrity Safeguard Electronics Indicate Location of Attachment Device Transmit Signal Activate Transmitter Receive Signal Activate Receiver Process and Interpret Signal

Morphological Analysis Solutions Sub- Functions Attach to Arrow Spring-Dowel Pin ClipAdhesiveMagnet Attach to Wildlife Barbed HookPronged Tip Spring-Activated Clamp Retractable Prongs Transmit/Recei ve Signal TransponderWiMAX Cell Phone Signal Radio Waves Indicate Location Audio SpeakerLCD Map Visual-Blinking LED Cellphone Integration Dial Indicator Protect Functional Integrity Enclosure Potting Compound Airbags? Activate Transmitter AccelerometerOn/off switch Animal Circuit Activation

Concept Selection

Physical Architecture RF Receiver RX Antenna RF Transmitter Battery Arrow Clip GPS Satellites Arrow Attachment Handheld Device Tx Antenna GPS Receiver Audio Jack GPS Receiver Google Maps Microcontroller Hide Hook Active Antenna(s ) iPhone

Google Maps Integration Handheld Device Receive GPS Coordinates Display Phone Location Display GPS Coordinate Location Store Locations on the Cloud as a “Map” Google MapsHandheld Device Application Relay GPS Coordinates to Google Maps Sends Save Command to Google Maps

Bow Efficiency vs Arrow Weight Example B.W. Kooi - “On the Mechanics of the Bow and Arrow”

Baseline Drag Analysis

Video of Arrow Slow Motion

Front of Center Optimal F.O.C values were found at Goldtip.com and ArcheryReport.com

Arrow Trajectory

Possible Designs

Arrow Flight Test  Test Procedure  10 shots fired from 20 meters of each design  Velocity measure with radar gun for each shot  Deviation measured from bulls-eye in mm  Calculate mean, median, standard deviation…etc  Iterate Test Procedure for a normal arrow and each attachment design.

Test Data Sheet

Arrow Attachment Device Electronics

GPS Receiver  Linx Technologies RXM-GPS-RM  Includes evaluation kit  Operating Voltage: V (Typically 3.3V)  Supply Current: 12-14mA (Peak of 44mA)  NMEA Output Messages  Embedded Ceramic Antenna (not included)

RF Transceiver  Linx Technologies TRM-915-R250  No evaluation kit included, plan to substitute using Raspberry Pi  Operating Voltage: 3.3V  Supply Current:  Receive: 25mA  Transmit: mA  Frequency: MHz  Can transmit to distances of up to 4km

Antenna Considerations  Friis Equation can be used to calculate range  Arrow attachment device may need multiple antennas  Interference can be predicted using permittivity of materials  Linx’s recommendation:

Power Consumption Arrow Attachment Electronics Device Power Consumption (mW) GPS Receiver42.9 RF Transmitter330 Total:372.9 User Device Electronics Device Power Consumption (mW) RF Receiver25 Microcontroller5 Total:30

IDRisk ItemEffectCause Likelihood Severity Importamce Action to Minimize RiskOwner 1 Effect on flight of the arrow The attachment could cause an inaccurate shot The aerodynamics of the arrow become faulty 339 Ensure the aerodynamics of the arrow are unaffected by the attachment Tim/Alex 2 Range of the Device Location of the animal unknown The animal becomes out of range of the device 339Wireless data transmission testEric/Joe/Frank 3 Enough holding force for the attachment to the arrow Tracker doesn’t stay on arrow during flight or impact Not enough holding force to the arrow 339 Test by applying a pulling force to the attachment of the arrow Tim/Alex 4 Unfamiliarity with wireless Transmitting/Receiving Difficulties choosing the best method for signal translation Lack of RF/wireless transmission knowledge 339 Seek help from an expert in the signals field (ie. Dr. Amuso) Eric/Joe/Frank 5 Circuitry size constraint Weight and size of arrow becomes too robust Unnecessary circuitry339 Keep the circuitry small enough to fit into your palm Eric/Joe/Frank 6 Placement of mechanism onto arrow Cause injury/ harm to the user or effect the accuracy of the shot Placing the device towards the butt of the arrow 339 Avoid placing the device towards the back or mid section of the arrow Tim/Alex Risk Assessment A

Risk Assessment B IDRisk ItemEffectCause Likelihood Severity Importance Action to Minimize RiskOwner 7 Loss of Signal TransmissionAnimal becomes lost Heavily wooded areas or obstacles blocking the signal of the attachment to the user device 236 Explore all frequencies for which the RF components can operate on, and select the frequency which provides the most minimal interference Eric/Joe/Frank 8 Animal falling on top of attachment The signals from the attachment will be seriously if not completely attenuated The body of the animal causes a median, for which signals cannot pass through 236 Operate in a range of frequency, which signals can pass through the deer carcass Team P Detachability of the device If the device doesn’t detach the attachment could block the penetration of the shot Faulty detachment mechanism 224 Test the device on different material surfaces Tim/Alex 10 Part Lead TimesDelays in the projectionProcrastination224 Ensure the parts are ordered ahead of schedule Team P Avoiding Patent InfringementProduct can’t go to market Lack of attention to detail and patents 122 Be aware and research all current restraints by patents Team P Durability of attachment (Reusability) Device is fragile and requires replacing periodically Weak materials and poor construction of device 212 Ensure that weak, brittle materials are a last resort Tim/Alex 13 Budget ConservationGoing over budgetPoor budgeting111Draft and follow a strict budgetTeam P Geometry of the device An alarming sound, alerting the animal Bulky geometry111 Computation model of the aerodynamic drag of the attachment Tim/Alex

Test Plan

Bill of Materials

Action Items  Select number/type of antennas  Test arrow attachment shapes  Decide on form factor and dimensions  Select battery  Test/experiment with Linx Technology products as they arrive  Complete design  Full BOM & pricing of parts necessary for MSD II  Optimize budget

Project Plan for MSD II  Prototyping  Application development (for Google Maps integration)  Maintain budget  Test for engineering requirements

Questions?