The National Statistical and Geographical Information System in Mexico and Climate Change Statistics The National Statistical and Geographical Information System in Mexico and Climate Change Statistics Economic Commission for Europe Conference of European Statisticians Meeting on Climate Change Related Statistics for Producers and Users November 2012 Geneva 1

1. The new institutional architecture: INEGI an autonomous entity and the coordinator of the SNIEG 2

Constitution of the Mexican United States First Title, Chapter I Civil Rights Legal Framework Article 26 B. The State shall have a National Statistical and Geographical Information System, and its data shall be considered official data. Its use is compulsory for the Federation, the Federal District, states and municipalities to use the data produced by the System as stipulated in such Law. … The Law shall establish the organization and operation bases of the National Statistical and Geographical Information System according to the principles of accessibility, transparency, objectivity and independence… 3

 Art. 52 LSNIEG The Institute, according to Article 26, Section B of the Constitution of the Mexican United States, is a public agency with technical and management autonomy, with legal personality and own assets, responsible of the regulation and coordination of the National Statistical and Geographical Information System … Law of the National Statistical and Geographical Information System (LSNIEG) Legal Framework 4

 Art. 58 LSNIEG The Institute will regulate, by means of general directives, the collection, processing and publication of Information, for the proper functioning of the System or will authorize the directives used by the State Units for such activities. Law of the National Statistical and Geographical Information System (LSNIEG) Legal Framework 5

Federal State Municipal Congress Judicial Council Supreme Court Agriculture Treasury Social Development Central Bank (BANXICO) Federal Elections Institute (IFE National Commission on Human Rights (CNDH) Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI) ExecutiveLegislativeJudiciary From the Treasury to autonomous 6

National Information Subsystems Demographic and Social Geographical and Environmental Government, Public Security and Application of Justice Economic Components of the Legal Framework 7 NATIONAL SYSTEM OF STATISTICAL AND GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION

INDICATORS INDICATORS Atmosphere Water Soil Biodiversity Hazardous waste Solid waste GEOGRAPHICAL ENVIRONMENTAL Geodetic Reference Frame Coastal, international, state and municipality boundaries Continental, insular and submarine relief Cadastre Geographical names Topography Natural Resources and Climate DATA GROUPS National Subsystem of Geographical and Environmental Information 8

Water Basic Geographic Information Basic Geographic Information Land Use, Vegetation and Forest Resources Energy Sector Energy Sector Cadastre and Register Information Hazardous emissions, waste and dangerous substances Specialized Technical Committees 9

2. “The Climate Change Special Program (PECC) and Climate Change Information Needs” 10

Economic Information Subsystem Geographic and Environmental Subsystem Social and Demographic Information Subsystem Government and Justice Information Subsystem Climate change and SNIEG Damages from extreme weather events. Food supply affected by droughts/ biofuels. Energy supply and demand. Housing characterization Demographic profile Topography: Slope Land cover (Forests and rain) forests Natural disaster management Precipitation, Temperature GHG Emissions Water Supply Health problems due to heat waves and/or floods National Development Plan: Reduce greenhouse gas emissions UNO. Millennium Development Goals: Emissions of carbon dioxide Special Program on Climate Change People at risk: -Living in coastal areas -Casualties due to hurricanes -Landslides hazard areas, etc. -Food security -Energy security 11

Mexico’s relevant climate change information needs Mexico’s Special Climate Change Program – PECC Emissions baselines. Emissions scenarios and reduction targets. Mitigation. Adaptation. 12

Mexico’s relevant climate change information needs National Reduction Targets. –The Ministries involved in the integration of the PECC identified a set of policies and measure to reduce GHG emissions in the short-run ( ). –The sectors and projects include the energy recovery of GHG emissions (coal, oil and gas fields, landfills), energy generation based on renewable (wind, solar, biofuels, etc), energy efficiency (households and buildings, industrial, transport),sustainable forest management, etc. –Activity data, emissions levels have been required to monitor changes over time (environmental quality, emissions, consumption and production of goods and services) and to monitor progress towards national targets. 13

Mexico’s relevant climate change information needs Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation –In order to participate in REDD activities, Mexico requires to establish a national strategy or action plan which is still under development. National and/or forest reference emissions level will be needed as well as the appropriate REDD Monitoring, Reporting and Verification system. 14

Mexico’s relevant climate change information needs Biennial Update Report (BUR) –The scope of BUR is to provide an update to the most recent national communication in areas such as: national circumstances, institutional arrangements, GHG inventories, mitigation actions and their effects; constraints and gaps and related financial, technical and capacity needs; level of support received or any other relevant information considered. 15

Mexico’s relevant climate change information needs Establishing the Monitoring, Reporting and Verification (MRV) to give the adequate transparency to this update will require the analysis of new statistics that may have not even been produced. For example, National Appropriate Mitigation Activities may include topics such as: energy efficiency measures, economic instruments, cap and trade programs, technology transfer, standards and labelling schemes, research and development, demonstrations projects or educational programmes. 16

3. General Climate Change Law : INEGI’s new mandates (October 2012) 17

Objectives of the Law To promote transition to a competitive, sustainable and low carbon emission economy To reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions To reduce the vulnerability of population, of assets, of infrastructure and ecosystems to climate change adverse effects 18

Climate Change Information System A New Mandate Article 76. A Climate Change Information System will be integrated by INEGI, subject to the provisions of the Law of the National Statistical and Geographical Information System Article 77. The Climate Change Information System should generate, with the support of government agencies, a set of key indicators that will address at least the following topics: 19

Two new mandates INEGI jointly with the Inter-Ministerial Commission will decide the indicators suitable for planning. INEGI jointly with the Evaluation Commission (Technical independent body + Advisory group) will monitor progress and results of the policy objectives. 20

Minimum key indicators (Article 77) Topics I. Federal and State Emissions; II. Emissions reductions; III. Atmospheric conditions, short and long term weather forecast and climate variability characterization; IV. The vulnerability of human settlements, infrastructure, islands, coastal areas and river deltas, economic activities and effects on the environment, due to climate change; V. Average sea level; VI. Climate change cost estimate in a given year to be included in the calculation of Green Net Domestic Product; VII. Soil quality, including carbon content; VIII. Biodiversity protection, adaptation and management; Other topics: Ecosystem and biodiversity vulnerability; REDD avoided emissions, carbon stocks, Land Use and Land Cover Change, MRV 21

STCs of SNIGMA and Climate Change Geographic Information Water Land Use, Land Cover and Forests Energy Emissions and Wastes Climate Change 22 Land Cover Topography Political and Administrative Division Land Cover Change Energy demand Renewable Energy Sources Energy efficiency Watersheds delimitation Water Availability Waste Emissions Greenhouse Emissions and Sinks Atmospherical conditions Vulnerability Timber stocks and

CC Information Framework: Under development Climate System Atmospheric conditions Extreme Weather Events Climate variability Emissions and Sinks EmissionsCarbon SinksProjections Mitigation NAMA’s Reduction projects Vulnerability RisksExposure Adaptation Resource Efficiency Resource & Infrastructure Security Emergency mgmt Green Engines JobsActivities 23

CNI National Development Plan Escorial Programs of: - Environment and Natural Resources - Agricultural and fisheries development - Energy - Marine … Laws: - SICC - SCEEM - INFyS - BNE International Agreements: -OECD - INEGEI Climate Change Information System SNIARN SIE SIAP SNIB Integration of Information for the Climate Change Information System SPIINEGI SNIEG National Climate Change Strategy STCs 24