Passive Voice Пассивный залог

Passive Voice (страдательный залог) Страдательный залог показывает, что действие направлено на предмет или лицо, выраженное подлежащим. Страдательный залог (Passive Voice) образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола to be в соответствующем времени, лице и числе и причастия прошедшего времени смысл. глагола – Participle II (III –я форма или ed-форма).

Сводная таблица спряжения глаголов в страдательном залоге (Passive Voice) Вид Время Indefinite Неопределенное Present Настоящее I + am + V III he, she, it + is + V III we, you, they + are + V III Пример: I am asked. Меня спрашивают. Past Прошедшее I, he, she, it + was + V III we, you, they + were + V III Пример: I was asked. Меня спросили. Future Будущее I, we, he, she, it, you, they + will be + V III Пример: I will be asked. Меня спросят.

Вопросительная форма образуется путём переноса первого вспомогательного глагола на место перед подлежащим, например: Is the suit pressed? Отглажен ли костюм? Has the house been built? Дом построен? Will they be requested to go there? Их попросят пойти туда? When will the telegram be sent? Когда будет отправлена телеграмма? How is this word spelt? Как пишется/произносится это слово?

Отрицательная форма образуется путем постановки отрицательной частицы not после первого вспомогательного глагола, например: He was not (wasn’t) sent there. Его туда не посылали. We were not told that he was ill. Нам не говорили, что он был болен.

Глаголы с предлогами в Passive Voice COMMON STATIVE PASSIVE VERBS+ PREPOSITIONS. Many stative passive verbs are followed by prepositions other than by. e.g. I’m interested in Greek culture. He’s worried about losing his job.

Глаголы с предлогами в Passive Voice Be accustomed to Be acquainted with Be addicted to Be annoyed with, by Be associated with Be bored with, by Be cluttered with Be composed of Be concerned about Be connected to Be coordinated with Be covered with Be crowded with Be dedicated to Be devoted to Be disappointed in, with Be discriminated against Be divorced from Be done with Be dressed in Be engaged to Be equipped with Be excited about Be exhausted from Be exposed to Be filled with Be finished with Be frightened with, by Be gone from Be interested in Be involved in Be known for Be limited to Be located in Be made of Be married to Be opposed to Be pleased with Be prepared for Be protected from Be provided with Be qualified for Be related to Be remembered for Be satisfied with Be scared of, by Be terrified of, by Be tired of, from Be worried about

Exercise WRITE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES INTO PASSIVE VOICE 1.-The president gave an interesting speech at the European meeting. 2.-Roger paid all the bills at the Palace hotel. 3.-My friends are using their mobile phones during lessons. 4.-The dog followed me for half an hour. 5.-We always support our football team. 6.-The director looked into the complaints from the public. 7.-Some people didn’t watch the documentary about employment. 8.-Patrick was telling me about his free time. 9.-Students can’t use dictionaries in exams. 10.-You can learn languages in your own country.

Exercise WRITE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES INTO PASSIVE VOICE 11.-The teacher encourages the pupils to pay more attention. 12.-It’s so small that I hold it in one hand. 13.-It can transfer information from the internet to your computer. 14.-You are downloading some files onto my USB Flash. 15.-My parents have bought a lovely house in the country. 16.-The lava has destroyed thousands of homes The volcano will affect the Earth’s climate Miriam is blowing her birthday candles. 19.-The Lord Mayor of the city provided food and shelter for the citizens. 20.-Thomas threw the ball a hundred metres away.

Exercise WRITE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES INTO PASSIVE VOICE 21.-Thousands of people have left the houses in the village. 22.-Mr and Mrs Rush brought their son to Canada. 23.-Policemen are evacuating people after the explosion. 24.-Lorebnzo never saw Isabel in the golf club. 25.-He escaped when they were moving him from one prison to another. 26.-They are demolishing the entire block of houses. 27.-Has someone taken my wallet? 28.-You need not send this letter to the office. 29.-Chinese people made the first paper. 30.-The Filipino scientist Gregorio Zara invented the videophone.

Test Choose the correct form 1.America … by Columbus in a). is discovered b). was discovered b). discovered 2.The houses … of stone and wood. a) were built b)are built c). are being built 3.The article … already …. a). had … been typed b). will be typed c). has … been typed 4.These letters … tomorrow. a)are mailed b).were mailed c). will be mailed 5.The fish … very well. a). was cooked b). had been cooked c). will be cooked

Choose the correct form 6.Moscow University … in a). is founded b). was founded c).will be founded 7.Three foreign languages … in our school next year. a). is taught b). was taught c). will be taught 8.The doctor … an hour ago. a). send for b). is sent for c).was sent for 9.English … in many countries of the world. a). is being spoken b). spoke c). is spoken 10.Most of the Earth’s surface(поверхность Земли) … by water. a). is covered b) coveres c) was covered

Unity of Judicial System Unity of judicial system of the Russian Federation is ensured by: establishment of judicial system of the Russian Federation by the Constitution of the Russian Federation and this Federal Constitutional Law; observance of the rules of court procedure established by federal laws by all federal courts and Justices of the Peace; application of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, federal constitutional laws, federal laws universally recognized principles and norms of the international law and international treaties of the Russian Federation, and also constitutions (by-laws) and other laws of the subjects of the Russian Federation by all courts; acceptance of compulsory execution of judicial decisions, which came into legal force, on the whole territory of the Russian Federation; legislative securing of the unity of judicial status; financing of federal courts and Justices of the Peace from federal budget.

Vocabulary Ensured – Обеспечивать, гарантировать Establishment – Ответственность Observance – Соблюдение, исполнение Application – Заявление, применение Recognized – Узнавать, признавать Treaties – Обращение Acceptance – Принимать Compulsory – Принудительный, обязательный Force – Сила, заставлять Budget – Бюджет

Упражнение №1 Переведите на русский язык: а) Judicial system. б) Federal Constitutional Law. в) Justices of the Peace. г) Federal budget. д) Financing of

Упражнение №2 Уберите предложения не относящиеся к тексту: а) Universally recognized principles and norms of the international law and international treaties of the RF. б) Only one judge is usually required to hear and decide a case in a district court. в) However any court may sit as a court of first instance. г) Financing of federal courts and justices of the Peas from federal budget. д) Federal courts are the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation Supreme Courts of the republics, regional (Kraj, coul, oblast) courts and offers.

Упражнение №3 Закончите мысль: а) Observance of the rules of court procedure established by federal ………… б) Acceptance of compulsory execution of judicial concision’s …………. в) Financing of federal courts and Justices of the ………