Introduction Chapter Introduction This chapter will introduce you to Canada. You will learn all about the region’s geography, history, and culture. Section 1: Chapter Atlas Section 2: History of Canada Section 3: Canada Today

Alyssa’s Story Why is Alyssa going to spend time in Iqaluit? myStory Alyssa’s Story Why is Alyssa going to spend time in Iqaluit? Which three groups make up Canada’s aboriginal population? Watch the myStory Video and think about what you’ve learned about Alyssa and her life in Canada.

Alyssa’s Story How has being Inuit shaped Alyssa’s life? myStory Watch the myStory Video and think about what you’ve learned about Alyssa and her life in Canada. Use the graphic organizer to collect your evidence explaining how being Inuit has shaped Alyssa’s life.

myStory Alyssa’s Story Which Inuit traditions does Alyssa share with children as part of her job? Think back on Alyssa’s story. Use the graphic organizer to list traditions Alyssa shares with children at her job.

myStory Alyssa’s Story What traditional foods does Alyssa share with her co-workers? Think back on Alyssa’s story. Use the graphic organizer to list traditional foods Alyssa shares with her co-workers.

Is conflict unavoidable? Chapter Atlas Is conflict unavoidable? Think about your experiences. Use the graphic organizer to make notes about whether conflict is unavoidable. Use specific examples to explain your answer.

Chapter Atlas Describe your region, including climate, location, physical features, and natural resources: Ask students to think about the physical region in which they live. Have them identify its main characteristics, such as climate, location, notable physical features, and natural resources. Then have them describe how these characteristics affect people’s lives, such as people they know who have either moved away from their region or have moved to a particular region due to climate concerns.

Academic Vocabulary fertile - adj. well suited for growing plants Chapter Atlas Academic Vocabulary fertile - adj. well suited for growing plants Because of the fertile soil, farmers had a plentiful harvest. varied - adj. diverse, showing variety The population of Canada is extremely varied. Use the Academic Vocabulary or high-use words to review terms you may encounter in the section. If you are unfamiliar with the terms, read the definitions and practice by using them in sentences.

Chapter Atlas Key Ideas There are several landform regions in Canada which affect how people live. Canada has impressive reserves of timber, minerals, and fresh water, and many of its industries are based on these resources.

Chapter Atlas Key Ideas In economic development that has paralleled the United States, most of the Canadian population now lives in cities.

Chapter Atlas Key Terms precipitation - water that falls to the ground as rain, snow, sleet, or hail tundra - area with limited vegetation, such as moss and shrubs Students should use the Word Wise feature in the Canada chapter of their Student Journal to explore Key Terms.

Key Terms permafrost - permanently frozen soil Chapter Atlas Key Terms permafrost - permanently frozen soil mixing zone - an area where warm and cool water combine and stir nutrients from the ocean floor; fish feed on these nutrients Students should use the Word Wise feature in the Canada chapter of their Student Journal to explore Key Terms.

What are some important places Chapter Atlas What are some important places to know in Canada? Canadian Cordillera Canadian Shield Arctic Archipelago St. Lawrence River Valley Visit the Active Atlas in the digital lesson for Canada. Use the digital lesson to learn more about the physical geography of Canada.

Canada: Outline Map Chapter Atlas Think back on the list of important places to know for Canada. Label those places on the outline map.

What landforms in the United States are also found in Canada? Chapter Atlas What landforms in the United States are also found in Canada? Review with students what they already know about landforms of the United States. Ask them to predict landforms that are found in both the United States and Canada.

Canada: Physical Features Chapter Atlas Canada: Physical Features Canada is the second largest country in the world in total land area. The Canadian Shield, a massive rocky area dotted with thousands of lakes, extends from Hudson Bay to the Canadian Cordillera.

Canada: Physical Features Chapter Atlas Canada: Physical Features The St. Lawrence River Valley is the most populated region in Canada. The St. Lawrence River Valley, the Atlantic coast, and the Southwest coast of Canada all have moderate climates.

Canada: Climate The interior plains of Canada have extreme weather. Chapter Atlas Canada: Climate The interior plains of Canada have extreme weather. The areas closest to the United States have hot summers and cold winters.

Canada: Land and Natural Resources Chapter Atlas Canada: Land and Natural Resources The Canadian Shield produces many important minerals that are used throughout the world. The St. Lawrence River and Seaway connect the Great Lakes to the Atlantic Ocean. Fishing, forestry, agriculture, and tourism are all important parts of Canada’s economy.

What are some natural resources in Canada Chapter Atlas What are some natural resources in Canada that can also be found in the United States? Use what you have learned in the section to complete the graphic organizer.

What are some environmental problems facing Canada? Chapter Atlas What are some environmental problems facing Canada? Use what you have learned in the section to complete the graphic organizer.

Is conflict unavoidable? Chapter Atlas Is conflict unavoidable? Think back on everything you learned in the section. Use the graphic organizer to make notes about whether conflict is unavoidable. Use specific examples to explain your answer.

In your community, what are some different cultural traditions? History In your community, what are some different cultural traditions? Ask students to identify the cultures of the people in the community where they live. Was their region settled by people from the same country or from different countries? What traditions did they bring with them that have affected life in the community? Have students free write for 5 minutes on the topic.

History Academic Vocabulary dominate - v. to control, to manage all aspects Superior weapons enabled Europeans to dominate native peoples. prospered - v. was successful By investing wisely the company prospered. Use the Academic Vocabulary or high-use words to review terms you may encounter in the section. If you are unfamiliar with the words, read the definitions and practice by using them in sentences.

History Key Ideas Canada’s natural resources have played a key role in the country’s development. The distinct French and English populations promoted biculturalism early in Canada’s history.

History Key Ideas Canada’s historical ties to the United Kingdom outline a unique transition from interdependence to independence.

History Key Terms compromise - establishing common ideas that people agree to follow First Nations - native groups who lived south of the arctic region in Canada New France - French colony in what is now eastern Canada Students should use the Word Wise feature in the Canada chapter of their Student Journal to explore Key Terms.

History Key Terms province - territory that is under control of a larger country dominion - territory that governs itself but is still tied to its original country Students should use the Word Wise feature in the Canada chapter of their Student Journal to explore Key Terms.

Native Canadian Groups History Native Canadian Groups There were many different Native groups in Canada: Algonquin Iroquois Inuit

Contact With Europeans History Contact With Europeans Europeans arrived in the 1400s. They eventually set up trading agreements with Natives. Europeans traded wool cloth and metal goods for Native American furs. Use the timeline in the digital lesson for Canada to learn more about the history of Canada.

Cause and Effect: What was the impact History Cause and Effect: What was the impact of the fur trade? Competition for land between France and England Increased contact with Europeans, which led to new diseases being introduced to the Native population

History European Settlement France was the first European nation to claim land in Canada. England arrived and claimed land north of New France. Conflict over the fur trade led to the Seven Years War between France and England. Use the timeline in the digital lesson for Canada to learn more about the history of Canada.

Cause and Effect What was the result of the Seven Years War? History Cause and Effect What was the result of the Seven Years War? What European nation ruled Canada after the war? Use the timeline in the digital lesson for Canada to learn more about the history of Canada.

History The Dominion of Canada In the 1800s, Britain passed an act that made Canada a dominion. The dominion governed itself, but was still tied to Britain.

History Immigration In the early 1900s, immigrants arrived from Great Britain, Russia, and the United States. From 1901 to 1911, Canada’s population grew by 32 percent.

An Independent Nation Canada fought in World War I alongside Britain. History An Independent Nation Canada fought in World War I alongside Britain. Canada proved it could be an independent nation, and in 1931 Britain granted its independence.

First Great Challenge How did Canada get out of the Great Depression? History First Great Challenge How did Canada get out of the Great Depression? Use what you have learned in the section to complete the graphic organizer.

What types of food have you eaten from different cultures? Today What types of food have you eaten from different cultures? Have students share experiences of eating foods from other cultures. Have students write about what made that food different from the food they are used to. The ingredients? The spiciness? The method of eating it? Challenge students to explain how food is culture. Ask, what can you find out about people’s habits or values based on their food?

How do historical ties to Britain influence life in Canada today? Remind students that in the previous section they learned about Canada’s historical ties to the United Kingdom. Ask them to predict how those ties might influence life in Canada today.

Today Academic Vocabulary parliamentary - adj. referring to the lawmaking branch of the Canadian government Canada has a parliamentary system similar to that of Great Britain. project - v. to predict Economists project a rise in the cost of living. Use the Academic Vocabulary or high-use words to review terms you may encounter in the section. If you are unfamiliar with the terms, read the definitions and practice by using them in sentences.

Today Key Ideas Canada’s federal government reflects historical ties to Britain. Canada has a modern economy and is an active trade partner with many countries. Cultural diversity in Canada is unique, as groups maintain much of their traditions while being Canadian citizens.

Today Key Terms cultural mosaic - place where people from different areas retain their cultural identity constitutional monarchy - system of government in which the laws in the constitution limit the monarch's or emperor's powers Students should use the Word Wise feature in the Canada chapter of their Student Journal to explore Key Terms.

Today Key Terms plural society - society in which distinctive cultural, ethnic, and racial groups are encouraged to maintain their own identities and cultures Students should use the Word Wise feature in the Canada chapter of their Student Journal to explore Key Terms.

Historical Ties to Britain Today Historical Ties to Britain Canada has had a long and enduring relationship with Great Britain. The British Queen, Elizabeth II, is the Canadian head of state In 1982, Canada created its own constitution to address issues unique to the country

Today Compare and Contrast: How did Canada and the United States separate from Great Britain?

Today Canada: Politics Canada’s executive branch is made up of the governor general, the prime minister, and the cabinet. The government of Canada tries to balance the needs of both French and English-speaking Canadians.

Canada’s Role in the World Today Canada’s Role in the World Canada has a strong economy and a well-educated workforce. Canadians have a high quality of life, and there is national healthcare for every citizen. Canada exports many natural resources throughout the world.

Canada as a Peacekeeper Today Canada as a Peacekeeper Canada is known throughout the world as a peacekeeping nation. Canada plays a large role in the peacekeeping missions of the United Nations They work to stop wars and protect freedoms

Today The Cultural Mosaic Canada is a diverse nation with many different ethnic groups. Canadians are encouraged to maintain their own identities and cultures. Toronto, Montreal, and Vancouver are Canada’s most diverse cities.

Maintaining a Canadian Identity Today Maintaining a Canadian Identity Immigrants account for 70 percent of the Canadian workforce. American movies, television programs, and music easily flow into Canada and dominate its media. Carrying on a unique Canadian culture is important for the country.

Today

Is conflict unavoidable? Today Is conflict unavoidable? Think back on everything you learned in the chapter. Use the graphic organizer to make notes about avoiding conflict. Use specific examples to explain your answer.