NEJLA İŞEN Industrial Engineering Department Dokuz Eylül University, TURKEY 1

WHAT IS ERGONOMICS? equanimity Ergonomics is total information that can be used to machines, equipments with maximum comfort, high security and equanimity by people. 2

DUTY OF ERGONOMIST Ergonomists are concerned with the complex physical relationships between people, machines, job demands and work methods. 3

DESCRIPTION OF ERGONOMICS Ergonomics is a well disciplined field that considers the employees’ biological and psychological properties and presents the technological and natural laws of human-machine-environment harmony. 4

HISTORICAL Ergonomic experiences have been investigated since the existence of human being but F.W. Taylor has studied Ergonomics as a disquisition. Frank and Lilian Gilbert carried out studies on “motion”. The first book of ergonomics titled as "psychology in industrial activities” was issued by Munsterberg. The term “Ergonomics” firstly was suggested and accepted at Oxford university in 1949 by Murrell with a lot of scientists. 5

PURPOSE OF ERGONOMICS First purpose of ergonomics is to increase productivity, job security of human and machine's combination. One of the basic purposes is to optimize the connection between persons and their surroundings. 6

AIMS OF ERGONOMICS Provide job security and employees’ welfare Prevent from missing of labour force Reduction in frazzle and work stress Minimization of industrial accidents and occupational risks Increased productivity and quality Ergonomics is employed to fulfill the two goals of health and productivity 7

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ONE OF THE BASIC PURPOSES One of the basic purposes is to optimize the connection between persons and their surroundings. 9

THREE BASIC GOALS OF ERGONOMICS Welfare Comfort Productivity 10

OCCUPATION FIELDS OF ERGONOMICS Selecting duty design Psychological environment Physical environment Workplace design and work fields settlement Conceptional subjects related human-machine systems Physical subjects related human-machine systems 11

VARIETIES OF ERGONOMICS 1-) Human machine section techonology - accoutrement ergonomics 2-) Human environment section techonology - environmental ergonomics 3-) Human software section techonology - cognitive ergonomics 4-) Human work section technology - work design ergonomics 5-) Human organization section techonology - macro ergonomics 12

OCCUPATION FIELDS OF ERGONOMICS  Anatomy anthropometry industrial engineering  Orthopedy bio-mechanic bio-engineering  Physiology and job physiology system engineering  Medicine industrial hygiene security engineering  Psychology management military engineering  Sociology labor force relations computer supported design 13

RESULTS OF ERGONOMICS PRACTICES To understand of done work effects on employees' bodies and their performance's To estimate effects of long term potential or cumulative on employees To determine workplace or/and equipments for employee convenience to do any job Selecting the optimal one way of "adapt staff to duty" or " adapt duty to staff" To supply improvement of productivity and welfare of employees 14

SCHEMATISM RESULTS 15

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FIELDS OF INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING RELATED ERGONOMICS 17117

ADVANTAGES IN WORKPLACE  Get better quality level  To decide more healthful and solutions will be more correct  Employee creativity will improve with interaction cost will be decreasing, production will be increasing.  Human relations will be getting better and people will tolerate listening and criticising each other  Hierarchical situation will be flexible  Job accidents, discontinuous to work and labor force term will decrease  Directorate qualifications and skills of staff will develop  Staff will realize their values and importances 18

DAMAGES OF NOT APPLIED ERGONOMICS IN WORKPLACE 19

ERGONOMICS IN TURKEY Ergonomics is a quite new topic in Turkey. Firstly ergonomics has begun as “Sources Of Alive Force In Agriculture” in the faculty of agriculture at Ankara universty. 20

DO YOU KNOW THIS? In 1980’s, industrial engineering department of Dokuz Eylül University has brought a lot of modern laboratory devices from abroad and has added "ergonomics“ class to its curriculum. The department also arranged the first and second Turkish-German ergonomics symposiums and the proceedings of these symposiums were printed as a book which is an important source for ergonomics researchers. 21

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