Dixieland Music

Dixieland Music Developed in New Orleans at the beginning of 20th century Was popular in the us from 1910-1930, still popular today Spread through the U.S; Kansas City, Chicago, New York by territory bands in 1910

Territory Bands

Dixieland Music Became widely popular in 1917 Combination of ragtime music, brass band marches, and blues Dixieland Jazz Band sold 1st million dollar hit record Louis Armstrong and his All-Stars most popular Dixieland band Decrease in popularity in the 1940’s due to Bebop Progressive Dixieland was combination of Dixieland music and bebop Instrumentation: 3 lead parts: clarinet, trumpet, and trombone Drum set, piano, bass and or tuba, guitar and or banjo What makes Dixieland music unique is its 3 lead voices Dixieland revival in the 1950s that brought musicians out of retirement and reinvented their careers

Dixieland Styles Chicago style: Rhythm section used bass instead of tuba and guitar instead of banjo. Played in a swing 4/4 feel emphasis on backbeat Fast paced, shuffle beat Cole Porter, Irving Berlin, George Gershwin West Coast Revival- Banjo instead of guitar and Tuba instead of Bass. 2/4 style Began in late 1930’s with Lu Watters Yerba Buena Jazz Band from San Francisco and trombonist Turk Murphy. Based on style of Joe King Oliver, Louis Armstrong, and W.C. Handy

Dixieland Styles New Orleans Traditional- uses string bass and Tuba, banjo and guitar. 4/4 tempo Based in the French Quarter of New Orleans Began in 1942 with Bunk Johnson made famous in the 1960s by the opening of Preservation Hall. Features popular tunes and Gospel music like Just a Closer Walk with Thee Famous Dixieland tunes: When the Saints Go Marching In, Basin Street Blues, Just A Closer Walk With Thee Famous Dixieland musicians: The Dukes of Dixieland, still plays in New Orleans Al Hirt- famous trumpet player Pete Fountain- famous clarinet player Preservation Hall Jazz Band

Dixieland Festivals Dresden Germany-one of the biggest international jazz festivals attracts 500,000 people every summer Sacramento Jazz Jubilee-held on memorial day attracts over 250 international bands

When The Saints Go Marching In Most popular and most recognized Dixieland song Nicknamed the monster Has a gospel root Published in 1896 in Cincinnati Ohio Music by James Milton Black and lyrics by Katherine Purvis (When the saints are marching) Published in 1927 in Nashville Tenn. for Edward Boatner’s hymn book (When the Saints Go Marching In) Most traditional use is as a funeral march.

When The Saints Go Marching In Recorded by many artists of different genres from Jazz to Hip- Hop, including the Beatles Theme song to many sports teams including the NFL New Orleans Saints and St, Louis Blues of the NHL Song takes inspiration from the book of Revelations is apocalyptic in nature Song expresses a wish to go to heaven.

When The Saints Go Marching In

Kid Ory 1886-1973 Jazz/ Dixieland trombonist and bandleader By 15 was leading his own bands 21st birthday moved to New Orleans to become professional musician He led one of the best bands in New Orleans in 1910

Kid Ory 1919 moved to California 1921- first recordings Mid-late 20s worked in Chicago playing and recording with Louis Armstrong, Jelly Roll Morton and King Oliver 1940’s returned to California to revive interest in New Orleans style of jazz music by performing on radio shows and concerts Ory died in retirement in Hawaii

Pete Fountain 1930-present Clarinetist and band leader Started playing in bands by age of 10 1950-Founded Basin Street Six 1960’s Joined Lawrence Welk Show

Pete Fountain Returned to New Orleans played with Dukes of Dixieland 1970’s opened his own club, started his own band Acquired Pete Fountain’s Jazz Club at Riverside Hilton, very popular New Orleans spot Has recorded over 100 albums and cds under his own name all in the Dixieland style Founder of the half fast marching club, marching unit in the Mardi Gras parade

Pete Fountain

Al Hirt Trumpet player and band leader Started playing trumpet at age of 6 Playing professionally by age of 16 Met and started performing with Pete fountain Started performing at the local horse track, lasted 6 decades 1940 went to Cincinnati conservatory then joined army as a bugler in WWII

Al Hirt Returned to New Orleans and started his own groups Had 22 different record albums on billboards charts in the 1950’s and 60’s 1960 His version of Flight of the Bumblebee was used as the theme song to the tv show the Green Hornet 2003 was used as theme song to Kill Bill 1962 opened jazz club on Bourbon Street 1967 became part owner of new expansion team the New Orleans Saints 1983 played for Pope John Paul the II

Joe King Oliver Nick names Papa Joe by Louis Armstrong Band leader jazz musician, cornet player Played cornet in jazz bands all over New Orleans Co-led bands with Kid Ory Had best band in New Orleans in 1910 Was one of the first financially successful black musicians

Joe King Oliver 1919- Left the south because of the Jim Crow Laws Went to California with Ory and then to Chicago 1922 Jazz King of Chicago- King Oliver and his Creole Jazz Band 1923- Recorded with his Dixieland band, recording was a hit and helped spread popularity of Oliver and Dixieland music

Joe King Oliver 1925- King Oliver and his Dixie Syncopators- expanded version of Dixieland band/ big band Pioneered the use playing with mutes First to use the Wah-Wah technique One of the greatest jazz trumpet players Bad economic times- had several managers steal money Lost a chance to play at the Cotton Club because he held out for more money Lost his life saving during the Great Depression Ended up being stranded in Georgia, worked as a janitor until his death

Jelly Roll Morton Piano player, band leader, showman, composer One of the first great pioneers of jazz music Born in New Orleans One of the best jazz piano players of the 20th century

Jelly Roll Morton 1923 went to Chicago, recorded both as a band leader and soloist Signed with Victor Records (biggest company at the time) Jelly Roll Morton and his red hot peppers (featured many great Dixieland musicians) One of the first jazz acts ever to tour the US 1928 moved to New York, 1931- Lost recording contract due to the Great Depression

Jelly Roll Morton 1940s moved to Washington D.C Met Alan Lomax 1938-Alan Lomax started recording interviews of Morton for Library of Congress Wanted to trace the history of jazz music Got stabbed in a bar fight, never fully recovered Moved to California to try to restart his career Died shortly after Wrote hundreds of songs that became jazz standards Most famous song was King Porter’s Stomp Has two Broadway plays named after him and feature his music Jelly Roll and Jelly’s Last Jam

Dixieland Music