Chapter 3 Test Review

Measure of the force of gravity acting on an object. weight

A way to determine how accurate an experimental value is. percent error

Numerical average of a set of data. mean

The middle number in a set of data. median

Number that appears most often in a list of numbers. mode

The difference between the greatest value and the least value in a set of numbers. range

Curved upper surface of a liquid in a column of liquid. meniscus

System of units used by scientists to measure the properties of matter(another name for the metric system). SI (International System of Units)

How close a measurement is to the true or accepted value. accuracy

Amount of space an object or substance takes up. volume

Data that do not fit with the rest of the data set. anomalous data

Measurement system based on the number 10. metric system

Include all digits measured exactly, plus one estimated value. significant figures

Approximation of a number based on reasonable assumptions. estimate

Measure of how much mass is contained in a given volume. density

Measure of the amount of matter in an object. mass

How close a group of measurements are to each other. precision

What happens in a system (input/output). process

Any area outside a science laboratory. field

The material or energy that comes out of a system. output

The material or energy that goes into a system. input

Kind of graph in which the data point do not fall along a straight line. nonlinear graph

Representation of an object or process. model

A picture of your data. graph

Alert you to possible sources of accidents in a laboratory. safety symbols

Output that changes the system in some way.. feedback

Line graph in which the data points form a straight line. linear graph

Group or parts that work together to perform a function or produce a result. system

Why would scientists studying polar bears be interested in measuring their bodies and skulls as well as measuring the sea ice? p.66 Sea ice smaller = polar bears smaller

What is the advantage of using SI as the standard system of measurement? P. 71 Allows scientists to compare data Allows scientists to communicate with each other about results

How would you measure the volume of an irregularly shaped solid, like a rock? P. 75 Rock in graduated cylinder with water

Who is Archimedes? What is his “claim to fame”? p. 75 Greek mathematician Bathtub water rose

Density = (mass/volume) [d=m/v] be able to calculate the density of an object. p. 76 If the mass of an object is 4g and its volume is 2cm 3 what is the density of the object? 4g/2cm 3 4/2 = 2 So the density = 2g/cm 3

The SI unit used to measure time is the second. (s) p. 79

Be able to calculate percent error. p. 84 percent error = experimental value – true value true value