Bringing Order to Industrializing Chaos

 To understand the connection between the Progressive movement and the time from which it came.  To explain how progressivism sought to challenge the chaos of the late 19 th century with the scientific application of government.  To compare the role of Progressives in various stations in American life  To connect the philosophy of progressivism to select aspects of American life

 Industrialization and immigration had inflicted jarring changes on cities  Changing working conditions  Rapid and unmanaged growth of cities  Decline of the political role and economic power of rural areas  Centralization of economic power  American government fashioned for a much different society  Corruption and chaos characterized the late 19 th Century

 Faith in science and progress grows  Charles Darwin’s evolutionary theory argued of an ordered process of progress- nature could be explained.  Growth of the professions among the middle class- rapidly growing in numbers and power  Growing emphasis on expertise and education  Quantification and organization  Beginnings of the social sciences  Social Gospel movement address the growing poverty of urban society.  Settlement House Movement and the application of order to yield improvement

 Large industries adopted principles of scientific management  Electricity and other new technology showed the power of human intellect to invent a better community

 Progressivism: An urban and intellectual movement  Centered on cities and urban issues  Focused on a great faith in knowledge  Considered a wide range of social, political and economic issues  Dominated by the Middle Class  Separate movement that penetrated both Republican and Democratic Parties (Until 1912)  Populism: A Rural and Political Movement  Centered on farmers and rural areas  Focused on the emotional response to needs of those who felt cheated  Considered a narrow range of economic issues  Dominated by farmers with some working class  A third party absorbed into the Democratic Party

 The poverty and disorder of urban slums  Limited power of Democracy and irresponsive government  Corrupt urban government and ineffective delivery of public services (such as public sanitation)  Lack of controls on producers of goods and services  Lack of protection for industrial workers  Lack of social cohesion (sense of community) in growing cities  Lack of progress in race relations

 Journalists called muckrakers conducted and presented investigative journalism- exposé  In serial form… One chapter a week supported continued subscription sales  Generated anger and indignation  Focused on government corruption and underhanded business tactics  Novelists explored the darker side of American industrial society  Isolation and abandonment  Greed and selfishness

 Social philosophers sought to create and support institutions that established order in communities  Jane Addams and Hull House (poor and immigrants)  John Dewey and Education  Activists worked to organize resources to improve lives of groups of Americans  Lawrence Veiller and slum residents  Florence Kelley and Child Labor  Samuel Gompers and organized labor

 Local politicians would find support by adopting Progressive ideas  Activists worked to organize resources to improve lives of groups of Americans  Lawrence Veiller and slum residents  Florence Kelley and Child Labor  Samuel Gompers and organized labor  President Theodore Roosevelt adopted the spirit of progressivism and would establish many aspects of our modern presidency  Progressive government would extend from the local to the national levels

 Human problems can be eliminated with the scientific application of order through the direction of government.  Education and intellect were critical to cultivating a better society  The jarring chaos and disorder of the last part of the 19 th century cab be eliminated with government planning and control  Progressives advocated reform from various stations of life. They would transform the role of government

 How is this picture a function of industrialization and immigration?  How does the picture appeal to a government solution?

 How is this picture a function of industrialization and immigration?  How does the picture appeal to a government solution?

 How is this picture a function of industrialization and immigration?  How does the picture appeal to a government solution?