by Radim Kolář and Michal Seitl

Contents  General information about Baroque  Painting  Sculpture  Architecture  Theatre  Philosophy  Music  QUIZ

Vocabulary fugue - fuga billowing dresses - rozevláté šaty impress - ohromit ceiling frescoes - stropní fresky irregular - nepravidelný shape - tvar melodiousness - melodičnost concealed lighting - nepřímé světlo ridiculous - směšný determine - určit, stanovit

B aroque - g eneral information  Term Baroque  An artistic style prevalent from the late 16th century to the early 18th century in Europe  the dominant style of art in Europe between the Mannerist and Rococo eras  last universal and consistent artistic style in Europe

Painting  Main moti f – human body  The most significant element s were the ceiling frescoes or chiaroscuro  painting absolutely prevailed  contrast of colors, lights and shadows

Peter Paul Rubens

Czech painting  Probably the most important baroque painter was Škréta  Prague – Temple of Mother of God before Tyn or Church of St. Prokop

Sculpture  Characteristic feature – billowing dresses  Gian Lorenzo Bernini – create d the baroque form of statues

Czech sculpture  Our most important sculptor was Matthias Bernard Braun

Architecture  monumental  Churches - picture of heaven on Earth  Castles and palaces – picture of fortune and power  common architectural feature: dome  Expensive materials – gold, precious wood, colored marbles

Theatre  became a multimedia experience  monumentality  much of baroque techn iques is used in present

Philosophy  two main directions - rationalism and empiricism  main theme - epistemology (gnozeologie)  leaders: René Descartes, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, Baruch Spinoza.

Music - characteristics  Main task: focus on a feelings of listeners  melodiousness  emotional appeal  Unity of mood  Melody is complex  Terraced dynamics – sudden changes  Polyphony  basso continuo

Composers  Georg Friedrich Händel  Johann Sebastian Bach  Adam Michna z Otradovic  Pavel Josef Vejvanovský  J an Dismas Zelenka.

New form - OPERA  Dramatic connection with music  Created in Italy  Last 16th century by Jacobo Peri – Dafne  In 17th century was expanded to all of west state  Composers: R.Wagner, G.Verdi, B.Smetana, L.Janáček

Georg Friedrich Händel  Composed 612 songs  Synthetic of Baroque – used form in perfection  top of opera and oratorio  Creation: Opera: Julius Caesar Oratorio: Messiah, Israel in Egypt

Johann Sebastian Bach  Composed 1126 songs  Master of polyphony  Perfection musical form of fugue  Creation: Brandenburg concertos Well Tempered Clavier the Mass in B Minor

Quiz  Antonio Vivaldi – Čtvero ročních období  Johann Sebastian bach – Temperovaný klavír  Johann Sebastian bach – Braniborský koncert  Georg Friedrich Händel - Messiah, Hallelujah Chorus