Electron Dot and Structual Diagrams for Covalent Compounds

Lewis Structures Structural Diagrams show the number of bonds in a compound. Electron Dot Diagrams show the electrons involved in the bonds of compounds. H : H : O : : H - H - O Non-bonding e - or lone pairs Bonding e - 1 pair of electrons = 1 bond

Electron Dot Diagrams Determine the number of valence e - for an element.

1e - 2e - 3e - 4e - 5e - 6e - 7e - 8e - valence electrons

Electron Dot Diagrams Determine the number of valence e - for an element. H Cl F S O P N C Si # valence e Cl :.: : H. F :.: : : S :.. : O :... P :... N :... C.... Si... # of bonds When drawing structural diagrams, each element must have the correct number of bonds.

Each bond in the structural formula represents two electrons. All valence electrons must be used Each element must have a full valence orbital (8e - ), except H (2e - ) Try C 2 H 6 Electron Dot Diagrams

First, determine the central atom (the one with the most bonding electrons): Carbon 4 e- Hydrogen 1 e- So the central atoms will be?C

C2H6C2H6 C.... Electron Dot Diagrams

C.. C C2H6C2H6

C2H6C2H6 C.. C... H H... H H H H All atoms have a full shell Electron Dot Diagrams

C2H6C2H6 C.. C... H H... H H H H All atoms have a full shell Electron Dot Diagrams

A structural diagram is one that shows each bond as a line. Each line represents 2 bonding electrons. Lone pairs are not shown in a structural diagram C2H6C2H6 Electron Dot Diagrams C H H H H C H H

HCN

Electron Dot Diagrams HCN

C Electron Dot Diagrams N H

HCN C. H.... Electron Dot Diagrams

HCN C. H N Electron Dot Diagrams

HCN C. H N Atoms have full shells All valence electrons were used Electron Dot Diagrams CH N

Try drawing the electron dot diagram for: CO 2 Electron Dot Diagrams

Try drawing the electron dot diagram for: CO 2 Electron Dot Diagrams OCOOCO

Try drawing the electron dot diagram for: CO 2 C. O O Electron Dot Diagrams Atoms have full shells All valence electrons were used

Try drawing the electron dot diagram for: CO 2 C. O O Electron Dot Diagrams COO Atoms have full shells All valence electrons were used

Try drawing the electron dot diagram for: N 2 Electron Dot Diagrams

Try drawing the electron dot diagram for: N 2 Electron Dot DiagramsN

N. N Try drawing the electron dot diagram for: N 2 Atoms have full shells All valence electrons were used

N. N Electron Dot Diagrams N N Try drawing the electron dot diagram for: N 2 Atoms have full shells All valence electrons were used

Try drawing the electron dot diagram for: P 2 O 3 (sym) Electron Dot Diagrams

Try drawing the electron dot diagram for: P 2 O 3 Electron Dot Diagrams OPOPOOPOPO Hint: This molecule is symmetrical…which means an O will be in the center.

Try drawing the electron dot diagram for: P 2 O 3 O. P P OO Electron Dot Diagrams

Try drawing the electron dot diagram for: P 2 O 3 O. P P OO Electron Dot Diagrams POO OP

Try drawing the electron dot diagram for: C 4 H 8 (cyclic) Electron Dot Diagrams

Try drawing the electron dot diagram for: C 4 H 8 (cyclic). CC C C H H H H H HH H Electron Dot Diagrams

Try drawing structural diagrams for the following: C 4 H 8 (cyclic) CC C C H H H H H HH H Electron Dot Diagrams