A Crossroads of Culture South Asia A Crossroads of Culture

Vocabulary Indian Subcontinent- The land south of the Himalayas. 90 million years ago it was once part of Africa Substance farming- farming with little food left over to sell at market Green Revolution- an increase in food production cause by improved technology Outsourcing - sending tasks to be done by works outside of company

Landforms Himalaya Mountains Northern boundary of South Asia Formed by the collision of the Indian subcontinent with the Asian Plate Mt. Everest, the tallest mountain in the world is located in the Himalaya Mountain range The Mountains are still growing and this area is prone to Earthquakes

Landforms The Hindu Kush is located at the North West boundary of South Asia This range is smaller than the Himalayas Two major Rivers flow the melting snow from the Himalayas Mountains The Indus Flows to the west The Ganges River flows to the east

Landforms When the Rivers flood they deposit rich soil that is used for farming. This forms the Indo-Gangetic Plain. The Thar Desert is located in the north west outside of the Hindu Kush

Landforms Most of India is located on the flat highland area called Deccan Plateau The Maldives are a chain of 1,190 island formed form coral

Region Climate North West Himalaya Mountains North East Main Land India

Climate South Asia is effected by seasonal winds called monsoons In the Winter the winds come out of the North west bringing dry air In the Summer the winds come from the Indian ocean bringing rain from the months of June-September

Resources Many farms are small, they use substance farming. They grown enough for their family and sell only what they have left over

Resources 1960 and The Green Revolution Farmers could grow more food and population continued to increase In some places Fertilizers were over used and Farmers used large amounts of ground water Poised the soil Polluted the rivers Dried up the wells

Resources This region also used hydro electric power They can also mine for iron ore, bauxite, copper, coal, and natural gas Resources support manufacturing in India and Pakistan

Population This region has three of the 10 most populated countries in the world India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh Over half the world’s poor live in this region It is hard to meet the needs of the people Most people live in rural areas, but more are moving into crowded cities for hope for a better life

Crossroads of Culture In ancient times many rich civilizations developed along the rivers. Invaders came in from other areas including from the Himalayas They came through mountain gorges such as the Khyber Pass

Crossroads of Culture Europeans, Arabs from the Middle East, and the Chinese merchants traveled through India on the silk road to trade goods. India also had many sea ports merchants used for transporting and trading goods. Monsoons winds help sailors trade easily with India

Crossroads of Culture Imagine what food would be like with out spices Europeans wanted spices like cinnamon and peppers Merchants also wanted to trade for Cotton and pearls

Culture All the countries share very similar history Hinduism, the world’s oldest religion started in South Asia In Hinduism there are many gods The ancient story the Ramayana is still popular today because of the dramatic story line

Culture Islam was brought to this region through trade and most people in Afghanistan and Pakistan are Muslim Buddhism also started in this region, but it is not popular Through trade, more Buddhist are located in Southeast Asia

Culture People enjoy very spicy food They eat a lot of rice and vegetables. Sometimes they will eat meat. Hindus do not eat meat Muslims do not eat pork

Culture Bollywood is the home of India’s film industry. One of the largest in the world The movies are full of music and dancing. Some tells stories from the Hindu religion

Population and Problems India has 1.2 Billion people and by year 2050 they are expected to over take China and become the most populated country in the world In Pakistan women have on average 4 children, and in Afghanistan women have 7 children on average

Population and Problems Due to the large populations they need to search for more resources Farms cannot meet the need Water that is used for farms reduces water that can be used for drinking 30% of the population of Blandish is undernourished

Pollution Water Chemicals and raw sewage are mixed in the drinking The Ganges is used for washing , bathing, and drinking

Pollution Air The Asian Brown Cloud is caused by smoke from factories from people in India burning away the forest This is cause the glaciers to melt faster Reducing the moisture from the monsoon winds bring less rain Speeding up global warming

Social Issues India used to follow the Caste System People were grouped into social classes and could not interact with other social classes. In the 1930 Gandhi wanted India to move away from this system Today discrimination is banned by the government, but it still has not stopped

Social Issues Due to the high population there are not enough jobs The economies are growing but not fast enough 40% of the population is unemployed

Conflict Area Conflict Afghanistan The Taliban, a Islamic Fundamentalist group has threaten the government Women lost many rights In 2001 the US led a coalition and forced them out of power India and Pakistan The area of India know as Kashmir is Muslim and have been fighting for their independence. Pakistan has supported Kashmir Both nations have nuclear weapons India 2002 Violence erupted between Hindus and Muslims in a province in India and left 1,000 people dead

Government Secular democracy - government not based on religion Countries Government India Secular democracy - government not based on religion They elect members of a parliament The parliament then will chose a Prime Minister Pakistan and Maldives Islamic republics – government based on religion Prime Minister must be a Muslim Afghanistan After 2001 they now have a constitution and hold elections The government is still weak and US troops have helped to keep order

Economies Country Economies Pakistan The economy is growing, but cannot keep up with the large population growth Many citizens live in poverty Bangladesh Is the poorest country is South Asia, but has a strong textile industry Microcredit banks have been used to help pull people out of poverty India Government has focused on trade and technology They have one the fastest growing economies Have built software parks and exporting their software world wide Many Counties are outsourcing job to India 1. They have many skilled workers 2. The workers are willing to work for a lower wage than US workers Have started a space program **** They are your employment competition ! ! ! ********