Branches of Science Mrs. Geisler

Biology Bio- life Ology – study of Branches of Biology: - Anatomy: study of the structure of organisms - Genetics: heredity of living things - Microbiology: microscopic living things - Physiology: functions of the structures that make up living things. - Taxonomy: study of the classification of organisms. - Botany: study of plants - Zoology: study of animals - Ecology: study of interactions among organisms and their environment.

Chemistry Study of the composition, structure, properties and change of matter.

Physics Study of movement of objects.

Independent and Dependent variables. Independent Variable – “The Cause” The one thing that is changed in an experiment This variable makes one test “independent” of another test Dependent Variable – “The Effect” The result of the experiment What is measured This “depends” on what you changed

The temperature of the water was measured at different depths of the lake. Different depthsTemperature Independent V.Dependent V.

The amount of time you study will make a positive difference on your next test score. Time studyingScore on the next test Independent V.Dependent V.

The higher the temperature of water, the faster the egg will cook Temp of watertime it takes to cook IVDV

An investigation was done to see if keeping the lights on for different amount of time each day affected the number of eggs the chicken lay. Amt. lights are onnumber of eggs layed IVDV

The time it takes to run a mile depends on the amount of exercise a person gets. Time to run a mileamt. of exercise DVIV

Grass will grow taller if it is watered and fertilized more. Height of grasswatered and fertilized DVIV

The amount of algae growth in lakes seems to be directly related to the number of sacks of fertilizer sold. Amt. of algae growthfertilizer sold DVIV

Measurements Volume – liters (base unit) Length – meters (base unit) Mass – grams (base unit) Time – seconds (base unit)

Kids Having Doughnuts Usually Drink Chocolate Milk Kili Hecto Deka Unit Deci Centi Milli

Monday: Bellringer On a piece of scrap paper, identify if each statement is an inference or observation.

1. Problem/Question Problem Ex. All the fish are dying in the river. Question Ex. I wonder what the inside of a fish looks like.

2. Gather Information You should gain knowledge so you can make an educated hypothesis.

3. Hypothesis If__________then____________,because____________ __. Will food coloring in water change the color of a carnation? Will more light make plants grow taller?

4. Experiment Experimental Group Independent Variable - Manipulate Dependent Variable - Data Control Group No Independent Variable

5. Collect & Analyze Data!

Identify qualitative or quantitative data.  There are four bubbles that formed.  The carnation is blue.  The plants grew more when there was added nitrogen in the fertilizer.  68% of the ninth grade class received their laptops.  The student answered 9 out of 10 questions correct.

6. Conclusion Accept or Reject Hypothesis.

Communicate This is why a lab report is written!

Variable – root word = vary, meaning can change Ex. Independent and dependent variable

English vs. Metric Units Left Image: Right Image: Which is longer? A. 1 mile or 1 kilometer B. 1 yard or 1 meter C. 1 inch or 1 centimeter 1.6 kilometers 1 mile 1 yard = meters 1 inch = 2.54 centimeters

Measuring Length Ruler: How many millimeters are in 1 centimeter? What is the length of the line in centimeters? _______cm What is the length of the line in millimeters? _______mm What is the length of the line to the nearest centimeter? ________cm HINT: Round to the nearest centimeter – no decimals. 1 centimeter = 10 millimeters

Metric Units The basic unit of length in the metric system in the meter and is represented by a lowercase m. Standard: The distance traveled by light in absolute vacuum in 1⁄299,792,458 of a second. Metric Units 1 Kilometer (km) = 1000 meters 1 Meter = 100 Centimeters (cm) 1 Meter = 1000 Millimeters (mm) Which is larger? A. 1 meter or 105 centimeters B. 4 kilometers or 4400 meters C. 12 centimeters or 102 millimeters D millimeters or 1 meter