Solve for Z ABCDE HKMNP STVX WYZ =. Chapter 22 Current Electricity.

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Presentation transcript:

Solve for Z ABCDE HKMNP STVX WYZ =

Chapter 22 Current Electricity

Electric Current The flow of charged particles

Circuit Closed loop through which charged particles flow

Voltaic Cell Converts chemical energy into electrical energy

Battery Several cells connected together

Photovoltaic Cell Changes light energy to electrical energy

Charge Pump Increases potential energy of the charges

Charge Pumps Batteries, generators, voltaic cells

Electricity Units Watt (W) = J/s Ampere (A) = C/s Resistance (R) = V/C Voltage (V) = J/C

Current (I) Electric flow in coulombs per second

Conventional Current The flow of positive charges

Electric Power Product of potential difference & current

Power (P) P = VI

Resistance (R) Ratio of potential drop to current flow

Resistance (R) unit = ohm (  )

Resistance (R) R = V I

Rearranged V = IR

Resistor A device designed to have a specific resistance

Resistor Made of thin wires, graphite, semiconductors, etc

Resistors Light bulb, toaster, etc

Current can be changed by varying either voltage or resistance

Potentiometer Variable resistor rheostat

Schematic Diagram of electric symbols for components in a circuit

Electric Symbols On page 454

Conductor

Switch

Fuse

Capacitor

Resistor (fixed)

Potentiometer

Ground

Battery

Lamp

Voltmeter V Measures Potential Difference or volts

Voltmeter V Must be connected in parallel with circuit

Ammeter A Measures current or amps

Ammeter A Must be connected in series with the circuit

DC Generator

Electric Connection

No Electric Connection

When a capacitor is charged through a resistor, the current is high, but falls quickly

Power dissipated (used up) in a resistor is proportional to the resistance

Power dissipated in a resistor is proportional to the current squared

Power Formula P = I 2 R

The total electrical energy transferred equals the power times the time

Energy Formula E = I 2 Rt

Energy Energy = power x time is measured in kilowatt hours

FormulasFormulas P = VI V = IR P = I 2 R E = I 2 Rt

A current of 0.50 A passes through a 120 V outlet for 5.0 minutes: Calculate: P, R, & E

A 60.0 W light is connected to a 120 V outlet for 2.5 hours: Calculate: I, R, & E

Headlights burn for 7.5 hrs with a resistance of 48  in a 12 V system Calculate: I, P, & E

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