FOUR PERSONALITY TYPES

Why is it important?  If you understand yourself and your enemies you will win all battles.  If you understand yourself but not other you will win some battles but lose others.  If you don’t understand others nor yourself you will lose all battles. - Sun Tzu, war strategist

 Important for understanding why people say and do what they do.  Improving relationship and communication.  Necessary for leadership positions.

Origin  Greek physician Hippocrates (460–370 BC)

SANGUINE  Sociable and pleasure-seeking, impulsive and charismatic.  Tend to enjoy social gatherings, making new friends and tend to be boisterous.  Quite creative and often daydream.  Struggle with following tasks all the way through, are chronically late, and tend to be forgetful and sometimes a little sarcastic.

Contd.  When they pursue a new hobby, they lose interest as soon as it ceases to be engaging or fun.  Talkative and not shy  Lack confidence.  Warm-hearted, pleasant, lively and optimistic.  Entertainers, singers, dancers

CHOLERIC  Ambitious and leader-like.  Task oriented people and are focused on getting a job done efficiently  "do it now“ type of people  They can dominate people of other temperaments with their strong wills, especially phlegmatic types, and can become dictatorial or tyrannical.

Contd.  Many great charismatic military and political figures were cholerics.  They like to be in charge of everything and are good at planning, as they can often immediately see a practical solution to a problem.  However, they can quickly fall into deep depression or moodiness when failures or setbacks befall them.  Managers, politicians, captains, team leaders

Melancholic  Introverted.  Very (or overly) pondering and are both considerate and very cautious.  Melancholics can be highly creative in activities such as poetry, art, and invention  Sometimes preoccupied with the tragedy and cruelty in the world / susceptible to depression and moodiness.  Seeking perfection results in personal excellence but also causes them to be difficult to relate to because others often cannot please them.

Contd.  Self-reliant and independent, preferring to do things on their own.  They can get so involved in what they are doing they forget to think of other issues.  Caution causes them to procrastinate and remain in the planning stage of a project for very long periods.  Avoiding attention and prefer to remain in the background.  Scientists, analysts, programmers, logicians..

Phlegmatic  Relaxed and quiet  Warmly attentive or lazily sluggish  Content with themselves and kind  Consistent, steady and faithful friends. Make friends easily.  Good diplomats because of their tendency not to judge and affable

Contd.  Phlegmatics prefer to observe and to think on the world around them while not getting involved.  They may try to inspire others to do the things which they themselves think about doing.  Shy and often prefer stability to uncertainty and change. They are consistent, relaxed, calm, rational, curious, and observant, qualities that make them good administrators.  Cooks, the cleaners, the quiet office drones

 Everybody is a combination of four elements.  Used in teaching.

4 styles  Dominant (D-style)  Influence (I-style)  Conscientiousness (C-style)

Dominance  Brave and adventurous  Might be regarded as reckless and impulsive  Ambitious, but backstabbing, pushy and fanatical  Watch your tone – dictatorial  Assertive and born leaders, take charge even in the childhood

Contd.  Good for managerial positions  Competitive, can come across as cruel and merciless  Don’t step on othe people’s toes!!

Influence  The “happy” people  Enthusiastic and communicative  Have good stories and fun, but sometimes talk too much!  Sometimes talk about things that they don’t know much – dangerous  Gossipy, often verbally attack..  People oriented – can get disorganised because focused on chitchat only.

Cont  Use a planner to be organised.  Be careful with them cause they might not deliver.  Very caring people, can be viewed as intrusive

Conscientiousness  Detail-oriented and dependable  Accurate, systematic and thorough  Can be nit-picky, slow and stubborn  Thriving for perfection  Can be hard to please and unpopular especially with other styles  Good doctors, accountants, pilots…

Contd.  Not good entertainers though!  Conservative, do things traditional way.  Analytical, if extreme can be cold and suspicious – try to smile more

What is your personality test? 1. Fast-paced or moderate-paced?  Talk fast, move fast or more moderate? 2. Task oriented or people-oriented? Prefer being salesmen or working with numbers?

Result  Fast-paced and task-oriented – D-style  Fast-paced and people-oriented – I-style  Moderate-paced and task-oriented – S- style  Moderate-paced and people oriented C- style