Equity in STEM The current Landscape Jennifer Jirous STEM & Arts Program Director Colorado Community College System

…Gender diversity is associated with increased sales revenue, more customers, and greater relative profits. Racial diversity is associated with increased sales revenue, more customers, greater market share, and greater relative profits. Source: Cedric Hg Does Diversity Pay?: Race, Gender, and the Business Case for Diversity American Sociological Review April 2009

Inventions by Women 1. Kevlar (1964 ) Stephanie Kwolek 2. Nystatin (1950) Rachel Fuller Brown and Elizabeth Lee Hazen 3. Windshield wiper (1903) Mary Anderson 4. Dishwasher (1886) Josephine Cochrane 5. Square bottom paper bag (1871) Margaret Knight 6. Colored flare system (1857) Martha Coston 7. Compiler and COBOL Language (1950’s) Grace Hopper 8. Liquid paper (1958) Bessie Nesmith 9. Chocolate Chip Cookie (1930) Ruth Graves Wakefield 10. Circular saw (1812) Tabitha Babbit

Patents by Women First patent by Mary Dixon Klies for process that weaved straw with silk and thread in women earned patents by ,984 patents were granted to women in percent of all patents granted in 2010 Up from14 percent in 2000 And 9 percent in 1990

What is a STEM job? Professional and technical support occupations in the fields of computer science and mathematics, engineering, and life and physical sciences Source: U.S. Department of Commerce: Economics and Statistics Administration, ESA Issue Brief #04-11, August 2011.

Colorado Statistics 93,668 STEM Jobs in ,758 STEM Jobs expected by2018 Hourly wage: $35.32 Annual Openings: % Males – 29% Females 44% Ages % Ages Source: EMSI Complete Employment

Education Required (Colorado) Source: EMSI Complete Employment

Employment by Groupings (2013) Source: EMSI Complete Employment

Age by Groupings (2013)

Gender by Groupings (2013)

Employment Projections (2023)

Women Are Often Paid Less than Men in the Same Job Are Paid

Men and women tend to choose different majors in college and to work in different occupations after college. Women tend to work fewer hours, even when they work full time. Women are more likely to leave the workforce or to work part time when they have young children. Choices can account for some of the differences in salaries, but they aren’t the whole story. What about Choices?

Despite the positive trends in high school, the transition from high school to college is a critical time for young women in STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics).

Bachelor's Degrees Conferred, by Gender,1971–72 to 2006–07 Source: Snyder, T.D., Dillow, S.A., and Hoffman, C.M. (2009). Digest of Education Statistics 2008 (NCES ). National Center for Education Statistics, Institute of Education Sciences, U.S. Department of Education. Washington, DC. Women have earned the majority of bachelor’s degrees since 1982.

Women and Men Tend to Major in Different Fields

Women’s representation among STEM bachelor’s degree holders has improved over time but varies by field. Source: National Science Foundation, Division of Science Resources Statistics, 2008, Science and engineering degrees: 1966–2006 (Detailed Statistical Tables) (NSF ) (Arlington, VA), Table 11, Author's analysis of Tables 34, 35, 38, & 39. Bachelor’s Degrees Earned by Women in Selected Fields, 1966–2006

40 percent of undergraduates attend community college.

More than 4 million women attend community college.

Community college students are racially diverse.

Community College Enrollment: Women and men study different fields.

Women and men study different fields.

Colorado PS Enrollments by Gender

PS Enrollments all students Gender by Cluster

44% 56% 7.7% 24.7% 58% 11.1% 39% 85% 78% 65% 44% 32% 6.6% 7.8% 51%

 Secondary Secondary  94 Programs  6821 Students  25% Females  68% White  Post-secondary  41 Programs  1434 Students  13% Females  64% White Colorado CTE: Engineering & CAD

Colorado CTE: Information Technology  Secondary  40 Programs  1350 Students  37% Females  63% White  Post-secondary  29 Programs  1260 Students  33% Females  60% White

Colorado CTE: Health Sciences Secondary 33 programs 1,598 students 75% female 49% White Post-Secondary 154 programs 10,845 students 73% female 64% White

Colorado CTE: Agriculture/Energy Secondary 99 programs 5220 Students 39% Female 79% White Post-secondary 22 programs 938 students 39% Female 70% White

Women in STEM Grant Funded by National Alliance for Partnerships in Equity (NAPE) On September 26, 2011, the White House and the National Science Foundation recognized NAPE for its STEM Equity Pipeline initiative, which is “adding momentum to a nationwide shift that promises to strengthen the US economy and job security even as it strengthens families across the country.”White House and the National Science Foundation recognized NAPE

GOALS of the Stem Equity Pipeline (SEP) Building the capacity of the formal education community Connecting the outcomes to existing accountability systems Broadening the commitment to gender equity and diversity in STEM Education.

Colorado Team Core Goals During the school year: Create a data-driven “sense of urgency” for CO stakeholders regarding gender equity in STEM (Collaborative Impact Framework - prerequisite). Identify a team of “champions” for gender equity in STEM (Collaborative Impact Framework - prerequisite). Embed equity principles into prioritized STEM initiatives Identify four community colleges to implement the SEP 2.0 program

Final Thought… “Challenges make you discover things about yourself that you never really knew. They're what make the instrument stretch - what make you go beyond the norm.”

Personal Action Plan 1.Based on today’s workshop, I am going to (list specific actions)… 2.Specific benefits I feel will come from my actions are… 3.Specific obstacles that may hinder my actions are… 4.One important bit of information I am going to share with my colleagues is…

Sources Women in STEM: A Gender Gap to Innovation (2011) Women in STEM: A Gender Gap to Innovation U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration, ESA Issue Brief #03-11 Why So Few? Women in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (2010) Why So Few? Women in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics American Association of University Women Colorado’s K-12 STEM Ed Report Card (2011) Colorado’s K-12 STEM Ed Report Card STEMConnector Graduating to a Pay Gap: The Earnings of Women and Men One Year after College Graduation (2013) Graduating to a Pay Gap: The Earnings of Women and Men One Year after College Graduation American Association of University Women Women in Community Colleges: Access to Success (2013) Women in Community Colleges: Access to Success American Association of University Women

Thank You! Jennifer Jirous Colorado Community College System