East Asia and Russia

Japanese Reunification Hideyoshi - successful warlord - Invaded mainland Asia - Invasion of Korea briefly successful but Japanese military leaders leave after Hideyoshi’s death Effects of Hideyoshi - Korean nobles receive more power - Weakens Ming China Tokugawa Ieyasu takes control in 1543= Tokugawa Shogunate

Tokugawa Shogunate Political unity (somewhat) Economic integration Daimyo required to visit Edo frequently Rice as a form of currency Edo one of the largest cities in the world Merchants gain power Samurai become accustomed to the finer things in life and lose some of their status

Contact with Europe Firearms= very quick to adapt Little commercial interaction and closely regulated Catholic missionaries Jesuits= well received by daimyos intially Government suspicious/threatened Complete eradication of the religion Lack of European trade “the price to pay” for being rid of Christian influence

Tokugawa Troubles Rapid population growth Rapid Economic growth Inability to stabilize rice prices Economic woes of the Samurai Struggle b/w new and traditional

The Later Ming Dynasty Assembly-line production of blue and white porcelain, silk for SILVER Urban centers of cultural and commercial development Merit based system of government Industry and food production flourished

Ming Decline Hon Wu Rapid Urban Growth Economic Expansion Corruption Inefficiency Labor uprisings and strikes Insecure boarders Fighting with the Mongols of the north and west Manchus called in to help expel the Japanese…. And stay Manchu start the Qing dynasty

Trade and Missonaries Trade w/ China important (2nd to spices) Portuguese, Spanish, and Dutch were the first to develop trade Dutch East India Company- boots out the Portuguese Missionaries followed: - Jesuits successful= adapt Christianity to culture - brought science and tech - eventually expelled

Kangxi Cancelled taxes 4 times- royal coffers were SO FULL! Conquered Mongolia Very open to European ideas and tech

China’s Influence Europe China Luxury goods- wallpaper, tea, porcelain, and decorative items Inoculation Chinese rulers were the ideal Trade closely regulated (Canton) Rarely bought foreign goods England= wanted more trade and China refused. East India Company in trouble

Qing Decline Pop. Explosion= environmental problems - deforestation - poor maintenance grand canal Rebellions grew 2x larger than Ming w/ same size gov= not capable of handling problems

Russia Rising Muscovy gained independence from Golden Horde Prince Ivan IV greatly expanded territory Slavic and Christian Orthodox= 3rd Rome=rulers were tsars (caesar) Poor, backward, and land locked= need for warm water port Siberia- path to the East, furs, penal colony= revenue and Euro. tech

Society and Politics Expansion leads to new identities: - Cossacks Religious quarrels: - West Christian - East Islam Rise in central power= fall in peasant freedom - peasants to serfs (almost slaves) ½ pop.

Peter the Great 1689-1725 Reduced isolation & increased size/power St. Petersburg= window to the west Social reform: - elite mimic Europeans dress - women unveiled Controlled the church Trade and toleration= money and innovation Increased power of the tsar Russia becomes a world power Policies continued - Catherine the Great= improved farming and industry

Comparative Review Russia and China grew rapidly. Japan was decentralized and colonies failed Russian and Japanese armies underwent radical changes. China lagged behind. Russia developed a navy. China and Japan did not. China and Russia: diverse new people Japan and China: suspicious of Christianity Social hierarchy and forced labor were common in Russian and China Russia sought trade while China and Japan tried to control it.