Important things to remember For CRCT

Phrase Types Phrase TypeDefinition Introductory phrase Found at the beginning of a sentence AppositiveWord or phrase that renames or explains the noun it follows. Appositives are set off by commas. Prepositional phrase Shows the relationship between two nouns Use your notes to write an example of each type of phrase. Share your phrases with your group.

You Must Remember This! Sentence Type FormulaExample SimpleICWe went to the beach. CompoundIC + IC Look for a comma and a FANBOYS. We went to the beach, but we had to leave. ComplexIC + DC Look for although, after, that, because, until, since, who, which, when, where. We went to the beach because we wanted to play in the sand. Compound- Complex IC + IC + DCWe will go back next week, and we will hope for better weather so that we can have an enjoyable outing.

Conjunction junction what’s your function ConjunctionExamplesFunction Coordinating For, and, but, or, nor, yet, so. ; Semicolon Hooking up independent clauses Subordinating When, until, who, that, because Hooking up independent clauses to dependent clause

Three Types of Dependent Clauses These clauses function like the parts of speech for which they are named: – Adjective Clause – Adjective Clause – Tells what kind, which one, or how many – Adverb Clause – Adverb Clause – Tells when, where, why, or how – Noun Clause – Noun Clause – Functions as a subject, direct object, or predicate nominative

Let’s Review True or False 1.Both dependent and independent clauses have subjects and predicates. 2.Noun, adjective, and adverb clauses can be dependent or independent. 3.Phrases do not have subjects and predicates. 4.You only need to look at the clauses to determine the sentence structure.

Were you right? True or False 1.Both dependent and independent clauses have subjects and predicates. True 2.Noun, adjective, and adverb clauses can be dependent or independent. False 3.Phrases do not have subjects and predicates. True 4.You only need to look at the clauses to determine the sentence structure. True

Verbal and Verbal Phrase Examples Gerund Gerund – Ends in –ing – Acts like a noun Ex. Diquala enjoys singing more than dancing. Gerund Phrase Gerund Phrase – Contains gerund + complements and modifiers Ex. Singing R&B songs is her favorite thing to do.

Verbal and Verbal Phrase Examples Participle Participle – Two forms: present and past – Present participle always ends in -ing – Acts like an adjective Ex. The dancing student in the green hoodie was Peyton. Participial Phrase Participial Phrase – Contains a participle + its complements and modifiers – The entire phrase functions as an adjective. Ex. Dancing to the music, Katey and Bella never missed a beat.

Verbal and Verbal Phrase Examples Infinitive Infinitive – Begins with the word, to – Acts as a noun, an adverb, or an adjective Ex. To exercise is important for good health. Infinitive Phrase Infinitive Phrase – Contains an infinitive + its complements and modifiers Ex. To exercise his muscles was Ricky’s plan for the weekend.

Modifiers Gone Wrong Misplaced Modifier Not close enough to the noun it modifies Fix it by moving it closer to the noun. Examples Wrong - The waitress served pie to the family on paper plates. Right - The waitress served pie on paper plates to the family.

Modifiers Gone Wrong Dangling Modifiers Tells about a word that is not in the sentence Does not flow logically Examples Wrong - At three years old, Ms. Mosher read a book to her grandson. Right – Ms. Mosher read a book to her grandson when he was three years old.

What is a paragraph? A paragraph is a group of sentences about one topic. Effective paragraphs include: – Central idea or main idea – Supporting details – Conclusion

Purpose and Examples PurposeExamples To add informationAgain, also, as well, in addition, another, finally, for example, additionally, other, too To show an exampleFor example, for instance, for one thing, for another thing, on the other hand To compare/contrastAlso, however, like likewise, similarly, in the same way, instead, but, yet To show cause/effectAs a result, otherwise, so To summarizeFinally, lastly, as a result, therefore, in conclusion, after all To show whenThen, at first, afterward, for now, earlier, later, next, meanwhile To restate a pointAgain, truly, to repeat, in fact, especially

Five Types of Analogies 1.Synonym 1.Synonym (How are they the same?) 2.Antonym 2.Antonym (How are they different?) 3.Part/Whole 3.Part/Whole (How are they related?) 4.Item/Category 4.Item/Category (Which item belongs in a larger group?) 5.Cause/Effect 5.Cause/Effect (How does one thing effect the other?)