December 2007Chile Observatories Earthquake Preparedness Workshop1 Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array ALMA Eduardo Donoso
December 2007Chile Observatories Earthquake Preparedness Workshop2 Table of Contents Present status of ALMA Construction Seismic Requirements –Buildings –Antenna foundations –Computers – Instruments racks November 14, 2007 Earthquake
December 2007Chile Observatories Earthquake Preparedness Workshop3 ALMA Site status
December 2007Chile Observatories Earthquake Preparedness Workshop4
December 2007Chile Observatories Earthquake Preparedness Workshop5 San Pedro de Atacama, Atacama Desert, Northern Chile OSF SiteAOS
December 2007Chile Observatories Earthquake Preparedness Workshop6 AOS (43km) OSF Site (15km) ALMA Sites
December 2007Chile Observatories Earthquake Preparedness Workshop7 Operations Support Facility
December 2007Chile Observatories Earthquake Preparedness Workshop8 ALMA Offices ALMA Camp
December 2007Chile Observatories Earthquake Preparedness Workshop9 OSF Technical Facilities
December 2007Chile Observatories Earthquake Preparedness Workshop10 AEM Contractor Area
December 2007Chile Observatories Earthquake Preparedness Workshop11 MELCO Contractor Area
December 2007Chile Observatories Earthquake Preparedness Workshop12 MELCO : August 2007
December 2007Chile Observatories Earthquake Preparedness Workshop13 Vertex Contractor Area
December 2007Chile Observatories Earthquake Preparedness Workshop14 Vertex #1: August 2007
December 2007Chile Observatories Earthquake Preparedness Workshop15 Contractors Camp
December 2007Chile Observatories Earthquake Preparedness Workshop16 Road: OSF-AOS: Transporter
December 2007Chile Observatories Earthquake Preparedness Workshop17 ALMA Transporter
December 2007Chile Observatories Earthquake Preparedness Workshop18 Transporter – May 2007
December 2007Chile Observatories Earthquake Preparedness Workshop19
December 2007Chile Observatories Earthquake Preparedness Workshop20 Center of Array Pampa La Bola V. Licancabur Cº Chajnantor Chajnantor Plateau – looking north AOS Technical Building
December 2007Chile Observatories Earthquake Preparedness Workshop21 AOS Technical Building
December 2007Chile Observatories Earthquake Preparedness Workshop22
December 2007Chile Observatories Earthquake Preparedness Workshop23 ACA
December 2007Chile Observatories Earthquake Preparedness Workshop24 ALMA + ACA Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array
December 2007Chile Observatories Earthquake Preparedness Workshop26 Santiago Central Office
December 2007Chile Observatories Earthquake Preparedness Workshop27 ALMA Seismic Requirements
December 2007Chile Observatories Earthquake Preparedness Workshop28 Seismic requirements Temporary Buildings Chilean Code Permanent Buildings ALMA special requirements – more stringent: 0.28 g Chilean Code requirements – 0.20 g No structural damage design
December 2007Chile Observatories Earthquake Preparedness Workshop29 No structural damage design Extremely conservative design: g vs 0.28 g –Code written to minimize structural damage and prevent collapse: Structure yields Personnel evacuation Costly repairs – m = $$$ –ALMA designs to minimize damage (loads 5 times higher than required by code): Seismic response factor 1 – no damping; accel. assumed directly to structure No yield No evacuation No damage Construction cost higher, but no operation stop
December 2007Chile Observatories Earthquake Preparedness Workshop30 Permanent Buildings Special Features Rock anchors
December 2007Chile Observatories Earthquake Preparedness Workshop31 Insulation for permafrost
December 2007Chile Observatories Earthquake Preparedness Workshop32 Robust structure
December 2007Chile Observatories Earthquake Preparedness Workshop33 Seismic requirements Antenna foundations Case 1: Embedded into rock Case 2: Rock anchors – foundation laying on rock Case 3: Massive concrete standalone –In all cases stiffness governs design – operational requirement of high weight and fast switching
December 2007Chile Observatories Earthquake Preparedness Workshop34 Foundation embedded in rock
December 2007Chile Observatories Earthquake Preparedness Workshop35 Rock anchor design
December 2007Chile Observatories Earthquake Preparedness Workshop36 Massive concrete design
December 2007Chile Observatories Earthquake Preparedness Workshop37 Seismic requirements Computers – Instruments Seismic design anchoring to foundations
December 2007Chile Observatories Earthquake Preparedness Workshop38 Racks seismic design
December 2007Chile Observatories Earthquake Preparedness Workshop39 Effects November 14, 2007 Earthquake
December 2007Chile Observatories Earthquake Preparedness Workshop40 Nothing happened No photos – no damage - ☺
December 2007Chile Observatories Earthquake Preparedness Workshop41 The Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA), an international astronomy facility, is a partnership among Europe, Japan and North America, in cooperation with the Republic of Chile. ALMA is funded in Europe by the European Organization for Astronomical Research in the Southern Hemisphere, in Japan by the National Institutes of Natural Sciences (NINS) in cooperation with the Academia Sinica in Taiwan and in North America by the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) in cooperation with the National Research Council of Canada (NRC). ALMA construction and operations are led on behalf of Europe by ESO, on behalf of Japan by the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ) and on behalf of North America by the National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO), which is managed by Associated Universities, Inc. (AUI).