3 rd International Power Generation Conference (Power Gen Pak 2009) 'Self Generation to Combat Power Crisis‘ Power Crisis‘ Dr Engr Javed Yunas Uppal BSc Engg Honrs, PhD London, CEng, MICE(UK), MASCE(USA) Chairman, Pakistan Foundation for the Advancement of Engineering and Technology

Global reptilian game has its teeth-biting in Pakistan resulting ghastly and acute crises of all sorts against which people are not prepared and no defense mechanisms are developed

What has gone wrong All governmental planning, mitigating actions, and privatization, have backfired. Technological solutions have not worked; because it is not the dearth of technology, it is the ‘mistrust’, ‘dishonesty’ and the distance between ‘them’ and ‘us’.

Top down projects bear heavy as neither is the system set for them nor are the people prepared Failure to build dams resulted not a single Mw produced in 9 years. IPPs have been struck with cash flow problems. Oil prices have soared high. Today debt runs in billions.

Mega projects are.. distant realities Big businesses ….. are no more feasible What is available at the shelf… are ‘micro businesses’ Go micro… Go indigenous… and build people up

How to reverse the power crisis Enable people produce their own power from whatever sources that are available to them. Block the money sucked out, and to divert it to improve the generating capacities.

Quickest Approach The quickest approach is building up systems for self generation through disbursement of technology and development of entrepreneurship.

Alternative Sources Wind Wind is a source of cheap power for speeds above 5m/s. Some projects of Alternative Energy Development Board 50Kw at Nooriabad

Alternative Sources Solar Pakistan is an ideal country for solar power. Pakistan Council for Renewable Energy Technology has conducted substantial R&D.

Alternative Sources Small Hydro Electric Power Suitable terrains are available where this is a desirable option 2’ head, 250gpm, Produces 2,500watts

Immiscible Stream Power Generator Only 13” head,12”dia propeller, Produces 200watts

Garbage Power Example: Fauji Cement 12t/hr

Community Bio-Gas Plant 85cum 50 Farm families Gas:70cum/day Power:30KW

Bike Power 275 watts

GRADUATES TAKING UP ENTREPRENEURSHIP

Entrepreneurs: Entrepreneurs are individuals who run activities for making profit for their own sake with an enterprising spirit and techniques of business management

Social Entrepreneur: A social entrepreneur is one who runs a profitable activity not only for himself but also for THE POPULATIONS with the spirit of serving yet with the techniques of management and business

Indian Model for Rural Power Clean Development Mechanism A participatory rural energy project involves project stakeholders—experts, institutions and communities. Communities do selecting, purchasing, operating and maintaining their own system. Energy system is attached with greater goals: income generation, employment or basic infrastructure.

Community Power Projects Pakistan 1.With community participation, Pakistan Council of Renewable Energy Technologies has installed 290 micro-hydro power plants 4-50kW each with 3 to 30m head in FATA and the northern areas. 2. Aga Khan Rural Support Program has assisted communities to install 171 micro-hydro plants of 5-50kW.

Decentralised Participative Power. Participative mechanisms need to be formed in which an integral effort is done at the house holds, small communities, and industries.

Collective Action and Organizational Development Regime

Direction of Government Effort and Foreign Assistance Spend on R&D. Spend on training. Spend on incentives.

Role of Professional Bodies 1.need analyses, 2.design development 3.development of tools and plant, 4.develop entrepreneurship 5.train people.

Role of Financial Institutions 1. Provide credits 2. Marketing functions Role of Industries Role of Industries 1. Develop prototypes. 2. Develop tools and plant for small to medium generating units. Role of people Role of people 1.Form clusters. 2.Own and operate generating units

Task Force  Let us know each other.  Let us join together.  Today’s Call is instantaneous.  Be prepared to respond.

Participatory Team Govt: Spend on R&D, training & incentives Professional Bodies: Design development, low cost technology solutions, prototypes. Industry: Fabrication units fabricating machines. Educational Institutions: Training on technology and entrepreneurship, outreaching people. Financial Institutions: Credit extending. Marketing units: Marketing. Production units: small businesses, workshops, and households.

Answer is the System Approach Look at the whole system Who are the stakeholders? Who are the beneficiaries? Who are the money makers? If the money is being sucked away, who is taking it? Tax the advantage taker Spend on the needy