Global platform and regional implementation: Trends and Challenges Area on Emergency Preparedness and Disaster Relief Jean Luc Poncelet, MD, MPH

Leaders 2006 Course Content 1.Trends in disaster management 2.Global Mechanism 3.Regional implementation 4.Challenges

Leaders 2006 Course 1. Trends From response to development –Disaster response up to the 60’s –Disaster preparedness: Earthquake of Guatemala 1976 Prepare the response –Disaster mitigation: Gilbert 88 and Hugo 99 Disasters occur but their impact can be reduced –Disaster recovery and disaster prevention as part of development: in process/being developed Prevention: can hazard be “eliminated”? –Risk= Hazard + Vulnerability

Leaders 2006 Course Trends Increasing of the technical complexity: –Emergency responders Engineers Planners institutions national agenda –Evacuation plans protection of structures protection of functions protection of inversion –Ad hoc response standards

Leaders 2006 Course Trends Increasing of the national capacity*: –Health disaster coordination programs in each country –National disaster coordination entities in each country –However, limited to some hazards and mostly in response. * PAHO/WHO survey

Leaders 2006 Course The Tsunami and Pakistan Earthquake Events can affect an entire region “The international humanitarian community can respond to it. Only a matter of putting the necessary resource.” Massive events requires massive assistance

Leaders 2006 Course Katrina Large countries can be affected Similitude between Katrina and Grenada post Ivan. –Absence of design for the system to be overwhelmed

Leaders 2006 Course ANY QUESTIONS ? ?

Leaders 2006 Course Trends Inclusion of new hazards: –Epidemic of International interest (IHR - International Health Regulations): SARS Pandemic Flu –Bioterrorism My neighbors threat can be my threat

Leaders 2006 Course Trends Increasing number of partners –Coordination is increasing complex

Leaders 2006 Course 2. Global Mechanisms

Leaders 2006 Course Global mechanisms –Response: –Mitigation:

Leaders 2006 Course Global mechanisms Global response mechanism –IASC Grouping a UN Agencies and NGO’s Cluster Approach –OCHA: Overall coordination International appeal –PAHO/WHO: Health coordination –Others

Leaders 2006 Course Global mechanisms Risk Reduction mechanism –ISDR International Strategy for Disaster Reduction Global system for disaster risk reduction Kobe, Hyogo framework 2015 (168 countries commitments) –WB Global disaster mitigation facility –UNDP –ProVention Consortium of international institutions (IFRC)

Leaders 2006 Course Regional implementation

Leaders 2006 Course Regional implementation Response: –Response teams Regional health response team PAHO/WHO –80 professionals in disaster coordination and sub specialty (epidemiology, mental health, toxicology,..) –Bilateral teams (Cuba, Mexico, Venezuela,…) UNDAC –Regional team LSS/SUMA IFRC –PADRU,.. CDERA … –Web site

Leaders 2006 Course Regional implementation Mitigation & Recovery –ISDR –OAS –ACS –…

Leaders 2006 Course Intersection among platforms and institutions Global: –SG –WHO –OCHA –Otros UN (UNICEF, PMA,..), Federación, –WB, –donantes –etc.. Regional PAHO/WHO OCHA UN FCR IDB … Subregional CDERA CARICOM ACS CDB

Leaders 2006 Course Global platforms in countries National –MOH –National Disaster System –Finance –Planning –NGO’s –Agriculture –Military –…–… International/ regional PAHO/WHO OCHA, WB, IDB, CDB NGO’s FAO, Southcom, RSS ….

Leaders 2006 Course The Challenges Avoid useless competition/ build network: –Specify/ identify the (complementary) role of each agency/ institution. Formal arrangement –Create/ strengthen network of doers. Informal coordination

Leaders 2006 Course Challenges A system will break at its weakest point. Disaster management is the art of identifying those weaknesses. Disaster management is increasingly an issue of directing other institution assets toward gaps in risk reduction

Leaders 2006 Course Challenges Disaster is not about having the largest budget possible. It is about being –at the right time, at the right place, with the right people –to ensure most efficient decisions are taken based on previous experience and the existing/accessible resources

Leaders 2006 Course. Not enough to have a good knowledge of disaster risk management Entities/professionals must now be able to demonstrate a clear product.

Leaders 2006 Course Challenges Change the approach to achievable, “palatable” and measurable targets. –Risk reduction >< safety increase

Leaders 2006 Course Challenges Address the issue at the political/ public level. –Where are we? –Where do we want to go? –What is the next step? –What is missing?

Leaders 2006 Course Conclusions Disaster management is increasingly complex, requires a larger network of more knowledgeable specialist Global and regional platform are increasing in complexity and to cover more topics The expectation of the public in increasing in both response and risk reduction

Leaders 2006 Course Conclusions Disaster programs must be a more efficient connector/ hub/ network