Used to be thought they were plants Biology I – Mr. Fuentes

  List the characteristics of fungi.  Recognize different types of fungi.  How they obtain nutrients.  Describe diseases caused by fungi.  Describe their importance in industry.  Fungi and food. Objectives

 What do you see? What is the significance?

List the characteristics of fungi Do this in pairs.

List the characteristics of fungi Eukaryotic, non photosynthetic, most are multicellular autotrophs.

 Different types MoldsYeasts

 Different types Molds  Tangled mass of filaments.  Multicellular hyphae.  The dusty texture is caused by spores.

 Different types Yeasts  Unicellular fungi.  measuring 3–4 µm in diameter, although some yeasts can reach over 40 µm.

 Different nutrition types  Absorb organic matter from their environment.  Secrete digestive enzymes and absorb throw the cell wall.  Most are saprophytic. What's the importance?

Saprobes Entoloma hochstetteri, the ‘blue toadstool’, widespread in New Zealand’s native forests.

Parasites Ustilago maydis is a pathogenic plant fungus that causes smut disease on maize.

Predators Arthrobotrys conoides parasite of the ringworm.

 Fungi causing diseases Allergies by mold spores. Infections on skin, hair, nails and tissues. Infections in internal organs by spores. Histoplasmosis. Poisonous mushrooms.

Ringworm

Athlete’s foot

Candidiasis

 Fungi in industry Production of antibiotics like penicillin or cephalosporin, cortisone, ethanol and used in genetic engineering.

Penicillium Cephalosporium Rhizopus Saccharomyces

 Fungi in food

Saccharomyces Agaricus Portabella Shiitake Truffles

Molds very close to us

 Interesting fact  100 are human pathogens. Out of 100,000 known species:  1,000 are plant pathogens.