Tatyana Maleva Child Poverty and Social Exclusion in Russia III Intergovernmental Conference On Children in Europe and Central Asia Palencia, 2006

Poverty Level and Depth (macroeconomics data)

Monetary forms of child poverty: Families with children in Russia have the highest risk of falling into poverty as well as the highest poverty depth

Sociodemographic Structure of Poor Households Demo- graphic structure of house- holds surveyed, % Demographic structure of poor households Money incomesAvailable resources Share among total poor, % Share of total income shortfall, % Share among total poor, % Share of total income shortfall, % Families with children:36,652,874,661,378 Married couple with 1 child10,111,712,811,810,5 Married couple with 1 child and other relatives6,6912,89,912,4 Married couple with 2 children6,410,316,212,116,6 Married couple with 2 children and other relatives1,52,55,13,35,8 Married couple with 3 or more children1,12,15,73,27,7 Married couple with 3 or more children and other relatives0,30,61,80,82,3 Mothers (fathers) with children4,97,8 9,28,1 Mothers (fathers) with children and other relatives5,78,712,51114,5 Families without children:63,447,225,438,722 Average for all families100

Risk and Depth of Poverty Poor households Money incomesAvailable resources Risk of falling into the poor group (% of group size) Income shortfall (% of subsisence minimum) Risk of falling into the poor group (% of group size) Income shortfall (% of subsistence minimum) Families with children ,7 Families without children36.210,415,23,7 Average for all families49.022,

Risk and Depth of Poverty in Sociodemographic Group

Non-monetary forms of child poverty: exclusions and deprivations

The Level of the Housing and Property Assets All families Housing facilitiesPersonal assets Have comfortable housing Total living space above the social norm Level of available housing above the average Level of available personal assets above the average Low level of available personal assets Families with children: Married couple with 1 child Married couple with 1 child and other relatives Married couple with 2 children Married couple with 2 children and other relatives Married couple with 3 or more children Married couple with 3 or more children and other relatives Mothers (fathers) with children Mothers (fathers) with children and other relatives Families without children: All households

Medical Aid Accessibility, % in Group Age groups: and abo- ve Poor households Visited the doctor within the last 12 months: Yes No If not, why not:** No health problems Institutional barriers Required services are to be paid for Other reasons Non-poor households Visited the doctor within the last 12 months: Yes No If not, why not:** No health problems Institutional barriers Required services are to be paid for Other reasons

Indicators of Completion of Treatment: share of respondents, who could not complete the treatment, %

Incidence of Deprivation Poverty (% of households)

Concentration of Deprivation (% of households)

Demographic type of household: All house- holds Poor under integrated welfare indicator Deprivation poor Subjectively poor Families with children: Families without children: Total100 Differences in Poverty Profile under Various Approaches to Poverty Measurement

Share of Orphans in Children Number (< 18 years)

Structure of Social Transfers in Available Resources, %

New Russian Demographic Program … If we really want to do something good for our citizens, I would suggest to focus on the problems that are most important. I suggest a program aimed to stimulate fertility: support to young families, support to women who make decisions to give birth to and raise up a child… President V. Putin, Annual Address To Federal Board, May 2006

Proposed Measures of Support to Families with Children Child care allowance (up to the age of 1,5 years) For the first child$ 55 For the second child$ 110 Monthly payments to women on maternity leave and child rearing leave (up to the age of 1,5 years) 40% of the former wage, not less that $ 55 ($ 110) Compensation of expenses on pre-school upbringing For the first child 20% of average payment collected from the parents For the second child 50% of average payment collected from the parents For the third child 70% of average payment collected from the parents

Benefits for children – orphans Monthly payments for a child in the family of guardian or adoptive (foster) family $ 150 Monthly salary of adoptive (foster) parent$ 90 Single-time benefit in case of all forms of placing children, who are devoid of parent care, into a family $ 300 Birth certificate In maternity welfare centre$ 110 In maternity hospital$ 260 Basic maternity capital, which women can invest: in purchase of housing through mortgage or other credit schemes, when the child reaches the age of 3 years, in education of the child, in accumulative part of her own pension $ indexed annually taking into account inflation rate Proposed Measures of Support to Families with Children (contin.)