Culture Chapter 3

Development of Culture What is culture? What is culture? The entire way you live. The entire way you live. If you were going to make a time capsule for your culture, what would put in it? If you were going to make a time capsule for your culture, what would put in it? Cultural Change-new technology development-auto, television, new religion, philosophies, artistic styles Cultural Change-new technology development-auto, television, new religion, philosophies, artistic styles Social Change-changes in human relationships Social Change-changes in human relationships

Cultural Change Four ways to change: Four ways to change: 1. Invention/innovation-can also be social- example Islamic Revolution, automobile 1. Invention/innovation-can also be social- example Islamic Revolution, automobile 2. Diffusion-custom or item moves from one part of the world to another and is adopted in the other-military invasion or religious mission 2. Diffusion-custom or item moves from one part of the world to another and is adopted in the other-military invasion or religious mission 3. Acculturation-change which effects the relationships between people of different cultures who are in contact 3. Acculturation-change which effects the relationships between people of different cultures who are in contact a. Assimilation-cultural distinction are lost, both share same the culture a. Assimilation-cultural distinction are lost, both share same the culture b. Pluralism-retain distinct cultures within a culture b. Pluralism-retain distinct cultures within a culture c. Displacement c. Displacement d. Domination d. Domination 4. Revitalization-sweeping social change that transform people’s way of life 4. Revitalization-sweeping social change that transform people’s way of life

Cultural Universals What are some cultural universals? What are some cultural universals? Hand out The Body Ritual of the <Nacirema Hand out The Body Ritual of the <Nacirema What is wrong with these people? What is wrong with these people? Describe their lifestyle. Describe their lifestyle. Do they have any traits that resemble Americans? Do they have any traits that resemble Americans?

Cultural Universals List all the different terms that refer to an automobile. List all the different terms that refer to an automobile. What does that tell you about the importance of automobiles? What does that tell you about the importance of automobiles? Foundation of every culture is an abstract system of word meanings and symbols. Foundation of every culture is an abstract system of word meanings and symbols. Language Language Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis-Language does more than describe reality, it shapes it. Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis-Language does more than describe reality, it shapes it. People conceptualize the world through language People conceptualize the world through language therefore-language precedes thought and language is not a given therefore-language precedes thought and language is not a given Do you agree? Do you agree?

Language Gender related language- list for me the words that imply male or female connotations Gender related language- list for me the words that imply male or female connotations race stereotypes-black v. white race stereotypes-black v. white <Rodney King Beating <Rodney King Beating

Norms Are established standards of behavior maintained by society Are established standards of behavior maintained by society Types of Norms Types of Norms 1. Formal Norms-strict rules for punishment 1. Formal Norms-strict rules for punishment “laws”, requirement for major at college, rules for a card game “laws”, requirement for major at college, rules for a card game 2. Informal Norms-generally understood but not precisely recorded 2. Informal Norms-generally understood but not precisely recorded standards of proper dress- example at church standards of proper dress- example at church

Norms Classified by importance- Classified by importance- 1. Mores-highly necessary to the welfare of society- obedience to mores is expected-severe sanctions 1. Mores-highly necessary to the welfare of society- obedience to mores is expected-severe sanctions 2. Folkways-comparatively little concern with slight sanctions 2. Folkways-comparatively little concern with slight sanctions **Norms Observation** **Norms Observation** observe the norms of the school in 2 completely different settings using the worksheet given observe the norms of the school in 2 completely different settings using the worksheet given

Norms Discussion of Norms Observation Discussion of Norms Observation 1. Do you feel that the norms of the school are in effect wherever you go? 1. Do you feel that the norms of the school are in effect wherever you go? 2. What are the sanctions for the norms? 2. What are the sanctions for the norms? 3. Name some positive and negative sanctions you observed. 3. Name some positive and negative sanctions you observed.

Subculture and Counterculture We will use teenagers as the subculture example!! We will use teenagers as the subculture example!! Do you think a culture can exist in a culture? Do you think a culture can exist in a culture? What are some like traits of the teenage subculture that are present in our culture? What are some like traits of the teenage subculture that are present in our culture? What makes teenagers a subculture? What makes teenagers a subculture? What is the counterculture, today? What is the counterculture, today? Make a table that uses the school as a culture, include cultural trait, teenage subculture and include the counterculture. Make a table that uses the school as a culture, include cultural trait, teenage subculture and include the counterculture.

Cultural Comparison 1970’s and 2000’s 1970’s and 2000’s compare the things that are the same in the Rolling Stones and Mad magazines from the 1970’s to the 2000’s. compare the things that are the same in the Rolling Stones and Mad magazines from the 1970’s to the 2000’s. compare things that are much different compare things that are much different look at not only the articles, but pictures, ads, format of the magazine etc. look at not only the articles, but pictures, ads, format of the magazine etc.