Unit 7 Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.

Talk with your classmates about your school rules by using “students are not allowed to…”.

School rules Don’t arrive late for school. = Students are not allowed to arrive late for school.

Don’t run in the hallways. School rules = Students are not allowed to run in the hallways.

School rules Don’t eat in the classroom. = Students are not allowed to eat in the classroom.

School rules Don’t listen to music in the classroom. = Students are not allowed to listen to music in the classroom.

School rules Don’t fight with others. = Students are not allowed to fight with others.

School rules = Students are not allowed to cheat. Don’t cheat.

School rules Don’t wear long hair. (boys) = Boys are not allowed to wear long hair.

School rules = Students are not allowed to sleep in class. Don’t sleep in class.

I don’t think sixteen-year-olds I agree. They aren’t should be allowed to drive. serious enough. Do you think teenagers should be No, I don’t agree with encouraged to make their own this. Teenagers are too decisions? young to make their own decisions. Teenagers should not be allowed I disagree. They can learn to have part-time jobs. a lot from working. Do you think we may be allowed If you don’t use a flash, to take some photos if we don’t then it may be OK. use a flash? Grammar Focus

一般现在时的被动语态 在英语中，动词有两种语态，即主动语态 和被动语态。被动语态的基本结构是 “ 助动 词 be + 及物动词的过去分词 ” ，其中助动 词 be 有人称、数和时态的变化, 其变化规则 与 be 作为连系动 完全一样。

1. 一般现在时被动语态的各种句式结构 肯定式主语 +am/is/are+ 过去分词（ + by…) 否定式主语 +am/is/are + not + 过去分词 (+by…) 疑问式 Am/Is/Are+ 主语 + 过去分词 (+ by …)? 特殊疑问词 + am/is/are+ 主语 + 过去分词（ + by...)? 被动不离 “be” “p.p.”, “p.p.” 前面助动 be 。 主谓一致莫忘记， am, is, are 现在时。

2. 一般现在时被动语态的基本用法 用法 示例 表示经常性或习惯 性发生的被动动作 I am often asked the question by my pupils. 表示近期正在发生 的被动动作 These days people are moved by a teacher named Zhang Lili. 描述某种常态化的 被动的客观事实 The spaceship is mainly controlled by computer. 强调目前存在的针 对行为主体人的被 限制性动作 You aren’t allowed to take photos.

3. 主动语态变为被动语态的方法 第一步 : 将主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语； 第二步 : 将主动语态的谓语改为 “be+ 及物动词的过去 分词 ” 结构； 第三步 : 将主动语态的主语改为介词 by 的宾语，放在 谓语之后 ( 有时可省略 ) 。 如图示： They ( 主语） grow ( 谓语） tea ( 宾语） in the south-east of China. 被动语态 : 主动语态 : Tea ( 主语） is grown ( 谓语） by them in the south-east of China.

句式结构示例 肯定句主语 + 情态动词 +be+ 及物动词 的过去分词 (+by…) Teenagers should be allowed to go shopping. 否定句主语 + 情态动词 +not+be+ 及物 动词的过去分词 (+by…) The word can’t be used in this sentence. 一般疑问句情态动词 + 主语 +be+ 及物动词 的过去分词 (+by…)? Must the work be finished today? 特殊疑问句特殊疑问词 + 被动语态的一般 疑问句？ Who should be asked for help?

含有情态动词的主动句变为被动句时，谓语动词部分改 为 “ 情态动词 +be+ 及物动词的过去分词 ” 。 We can write Letters can be written letters in English. in English by us. 改为被动语态

4a Rewrite the sentences according to the example. 1. You must clean your bedroom every day. Your bedroom must be cleaned every day. 2. Parents should encourage teenagers to do social work for their community. Teenagers _____________________________ _____________________________. should be encouraged to do social work for their communit

3. Can Lucy do her homework tomorrow instead? Can________________________________ __________________________________ ? Lucy’s homework be done by her tomorrow instead 4.Do you think we must keep teenagers away from the Internet? Do you think teenagers _______________ __________________________ ? must be kept away from the Internet

5. Parents should give teenagers chances to make their own decisions. Teenagers _____________________________ ________________________. should be given chances to make their own decisions

4b Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in brackets. Should teenagers __________(ask) to move out when they start working? In many Western countries, teenagers ____________(allow) to move out at eighteen. Their parents believe that they should ____________(educate) to take care of themselves from a young age. This way, when they _______(start) working they can manage their own lives. However, in most Asian be asked are allowed be educated start

societies, it is not common for teenagers to ________(move) out. Chinese parents believe that it is better for children to live with parents who can _____(take) care of them. But the young should then look after their parents as they get older. That is why many Chinese adults ________(continue) to live with their parents. move take continue

4c You and your friend are starting an English club. Make a list of rules about what should and should not be allowed. A: Members should be allowed to use dictionaries. B: Yes, but they should only use English-English dictionaries.

Are there any other rules about what should and what should not be allowed in the English club? Can you tell us?

Language points 1.Do you think teenagers should be encouraged to make their own decisions? 你认为应该鼓 励青少年自己做决定吗？ make one’s own decision 意为 “ 自己做决定 ” ， 相当于 make a decision for oneself 。 例： I just want to make my own decision. 我只想能够自己做决定。

2. Parents should give teenagers chances to make their own decisions. 父母应该给青少年 自己做决定的机会。 chance (a suitable time or situation when you have the opportunity to do sth.) 可数名词，意 为 “ 机会；机遇 ” ，其后可接 to do sth. 或 of sth. 。 若表示 “ 做某事对某人来说是一次机会 ” ，其 后可接 for sb. to do sth. 。 例： I never miss a chance to play football. 我从不错过踢球的机会。 It’s a good chance for you to meet. 这是一个你们见面的好机会。

3. This way, when they _______(start) working they can manage their own lives. 这样，当他们开始工作时，他们能应付他们 自己的生活。 manage 意为 “ 完成 ( 困难的事 ); 应付 ( 困难 ) 局面 ” ， 其后可接名词、代词或动词不定式。 例： I’m not sure how we will manage it. 我不确信我们将如何完成这件事。 You should manage to finish the work in time. 你应该设法及时完成工作。

manage to do sth. 与 try to do sth. manage to do sth. “ 设法做成某事 ” ，强调结果。暗 含 “ 做成了某事 ” 之意。 try to do sth. “ 尽力做某事 ” ，表示 “ 尽力做，设 法做 ” ，强调动作，不表结果。 例： The shirt was very dirty, but he managed to clean it. 这件衬衫很脏，但他设法把它洗干净了。 The boy tried to move the stone but failed. 这个男孩试图移动这块石头，但失败了。

Ⅰ. 单项选择 1.Teenagers ____allowed to drive a car. A. should not be B. should be not C. not should be D. shouldn’t 2. Linda saw a pen on the road, so she stopped ____it up. A. pick B. to pick C. picking D. picked A B

3. Yesterday my sister had her computer ____at the supermarket. A. mend B. to mend C. mended D. mending 4. He never studies. He plays computer games all day____. A. instead B. instead of C. however D. but C A

5. --Can you hear me? --No, I can’t. Would you please speak ____. A. clearly enough B. clear enough C. enough clearly D. enough clear 6. Old people must ____. A. speak polite B. be spoken to politely C. speak to polite D. be spoken politely A B

7. Things should ___ here before you enter the Great Museum. A. keeps B. keep C. be kept D. are kept 8.We won’t allow ____ in the cinema. But you are allowed ____in the restroom. A. smoking; smoking B. to smoke; to smoke C. smoking; to smoke D. smoke; smoke C C

9. --I think you should phone Jenny and say sorry to her. --____. It was her fault. A. Not at all B. Not possible C. No chance D. No way 10. I think some of the school rules should ____. A. be change B. be changed C. be changing D. change D B

11. --Do you believe there are aliens? --I’m afraid not. I don’t think aliens ____ in space. A. can find B. can be found C. can be founded D. can’t be founded 12. The flowers must ____ every day. A. water B. be watered C. watered D. watering B B

13. --Can sixteen-year-olds drive their cars to school? -- No. they shouldn’t ____ to drive because they are not serious enough. A. allow B. allowed C. be allowed D. have allowed 14. Don’t worry. The work ____ in two days. A. will finish B. is done C. will be finished D. finish C C

15. _____ middle school students allowed to use mobile phone at school ? A. Do B. Did C. Are D. Can 16. I don’t think teenagers should be allowed to drive, because they are _____. A. not enough serious B. not serious enough C. too serious D. to serious C B

17. Water ______ into ice. A. will changed B. must be changed C. should change D. can be changed 18. A strange sound ______ yesterday evening. A. was heard B. hears C. heard D. is heard D A

19. The new play _______ in theatre now. Why don’t you go in and see it? A. is being shown B. is showing C. is shown D. shows 20. Miss Chen ______ just ______ to speak at the meeting. A. has …been asked B. has been …asked C. have been … asked D. have …been asked A A

Ⅱ. 用所给词的适当形式填空 1.Children shouldn’t be allowed __________ (swim) in the river. 2. I don’t think teenagers should get their ears __________ (pierce). 3. We are tired, so we stop __________(have) a rest. 4. I think your idea isn’t good. I ______________(agree) with you. to swim pierced to have don’t agree

5. When _____ (be) the first man-made satellite ________(send) up into space ? 6. Last year vegetables ___________ (grow) in the garden by Tom and he ______ (sell) them himself. 7. How many magazines _________________ (can borrow) in your library every week ? 8. John ___________ (hear) to go upstairs two hours ago. was sent were grown sold can be borrowed was heard

Homework Master what you have learned in this lesson. Learn to make sentences with “ 情态动词 +be + 及物动词的过去分词 ”.