Battery Scrap Management & India’s Efforts Towards Meeting Lead Demand-Supply Gap by Dr V Rajagopalan Joint Secretary, Ministry of Environment & Forests Government of India

Global Lead Mine Production

Production of Lead in India

Decline in Lead Production

Role of Secondary Production in Rest of the World

Role of Secondary Production in India

Estimated and Actual Demand of Lead to (9 th Plan)

Growth of Actual Demand for Lead

Rate of Growth of Lead Consumption during

Projected Damand - Supply Gap

Lead Demand for Automobile Batteries

Estimating Total Lead Demand

Salient features of Batteries legislation Consumers to return used batteries and manufacturers / assemblers / reconditioners / importers responsible for collection of batteries and transport to registered recyclers. Auction of used batteries only in favour of registered recyclers Dealers are also responsible for collection. Level playing field Collection of batteries 50% in the first year, 75% in the second year and 90% from the third year onwards. Batteries have been categorised.

Registration Scheme Covers used acid batteries, zinc waste, waste oil Started in 1999; 35 units registered for LAB Facility inspection mandatory Compliance with regulatory standards Secured landfill with leachate collection system ESM code of practice laid down Indian approach broadly on the lives proposed by GETF –individual facility based –waste specific –mandatory compliance with national standards –ESM compliance built into national legislation through mandatory registration of recyclers –List of registered recyclers displayed on web site - transparency

ESM code of Practice on Air Pollution Control

What Attracts Dealer to the Trader

Cost Advantages of Re-Conditioner

Flow of Battery Scrap - Prior to Batteries Legislation

Battery Scrap Flow with 50% Collection

Battery Scrap Flow with 75% Collection

Battery Scrap Flow with 90% Collection

Impact of Batteries legislation on demand-supply Role of traders would diminish / vanish –Increase in supply - year 1 –increase in supply - year 2 –increase in supply - year 3 Secondary smelting viable - addl. Capacities planned –HZL to add 35,000 MT by –BIL to add 25,000 MT by –Italian technical know-how Availability of battery scrap - critical for future additions Enforcement holds the key

Impact on Demand Supply (contd.) Demand and supply - informal sector ignored Bridging demand - supply gap –Expand primary production-ore reserves limited –Expand secondary production HZL to add 35,000 MT by BIL to add 25,000 MT by Italian technical know-how –GETF approach to implement ESM in Basel Convention requires serious consideration Using the ISO system recognised in WTO facility specific, waste specific mandatory compliance with national standards transparency

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