denominator 3 4 1 4 2 3 denominator The number of equal parts into which the whole (or ONE or unit) is divided.

A rate that compares the mass of an object with its volume. density A rate that compares the mass of an object with its volume.

A line of objects or numbers from one corner to another one. diagonal A line of objects or numbers from one corner to another one.

diagonal A line that separates the upper left to lower right or from the lower left to the upper right.

diameter A line segment that passes through the center of a circle (or sphere) and has endpoint on the circle.

The amount by which one number is greater or less than another. difference 27 -5 22 difference The amount by which one number is greater or less than another.

0, 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8, and 9 which can be used to write any number. digit 321 7,890 40 8 190,234 76,241 One of the symbols 0, 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8, and 9 which can be used to write any number.

12:35 digital clock colon hour minutes A clock that uses numbers to show the time in hours and minutes, with a colon used to separate them.

A measure in one direction, for example, length and width. dimension A measure in one direction, for example, length and width.

distributive property ax (x + y) = (a * x) + (a * y) multiplication over addition ax (x – y) = (a * x) – (a * y) multiplication over subtraction A property that relates two operations on numbers.

dividend 12 ÷ 3 = 4 The total being shared.

division It is used to find how a total amount can be separated into an equal number of groups.

division 12 ÷ 3 = 4 A mathematical operation based on “sharing” or “separating into equal parts”.

The number of equal parts or the number in each equal part. divisor 12 ÷ 3 = 4 The number of equal parts or the number in each equal part.

divisibility test A test to determine whether a whole number is divisible by another whole number, without actually doing the division.

Any polyhedron with twelve faces. dodecahedron Any polyhedron with twelve faces.

The addition or multiplication facts without turn-around partners. double fact 4 + 4 = 8 2 + 2 = 4 3 X 3 = 9 1 X 1 = 1 The addition or multiplication facts without turn-around partners.

A line segment where two faces of a polyhedron meet. edge A line segment where two faces of a polyhedron meet.

ellipse A closed, oval, plane figure. An ellipse is the path of a point that moves so the sum of its distance from two fixed points is constant. Each of the fixed points is call a focus of the ellipse.

The point at the end of a line segment or ray. endpoint endpoint ray T S line segment The point at the end of a line segment or ray.

A number story that involves separating something equally. equal-grouping story Tom had 10 marbles. Half of the marbles were green. How many blue marbles did he have? 10 ÷ 2 = 5 A number story that involves separating something equally.

A set with the same number of elements. equal groups =11 1 + 3 = 4 1 + 5 = 2 + 4 2 = = A set with the same number of elements.

A number story that involves sharing something equally. equal-sharing story Sue has 8 candy bars. She wants to share them equally with her sister. How many bars will each one get? 8 ÷ 2 = 4 A number story that involves sharing something equally.

A mathematical sentence that states the quality of two quantities. equation 2 + 3 = 5 12 ÷ 3 = 4 98 – 24 = 74 8 x 5 = 90 - 50 A mathematical sentence that states the quality of two quantities.

Marks equally distant from one to the next. equidistant marks Marks equally distant from one to the next.

A polygon in which all sides are the same length. equilateral triangle A polygon in which all sides are the same length.

Equal in value, but in a different form. equivalent ½, 0.5, 50% Equal in value, but in a different form.

Equations that have the same solution. equivalent equations 2 + x = 4 6 + x = 8 Equations that have the same solution.

equivalent fractions Fractions that have different numerators and denominators, but the same number.

Different ways of naming the same number. equivalent names 16 XVI 10 less than 26 4+4+4+4 sixteen 20 - 4 (2 X 5) + 6 half of 32 8 twos llll llll llll l Different ways of naming the same number.

Ratios that can be named by equivalent fractions. equivalent ratios Ratios that can be named by equivalent fractions.

A close, rather than the exact number. estimate 60 57 +22 +20 80 estimate A close, rather than the exact number.

estimate 60 57 +22 +20 80 estimate A calculation of a close, rather than exact answer; a number close to another number.

A whole number that has a 0,2,4,6,8 in the ones place. even number 152 200 36 12,144 8 A whole number that has a 0,2,4,6,8 in the ones place.

even number 152 200 36 12,144 8 A whole number that has a 0,2,4,6,8 in the ones place and can be evenly divided by 2.

A happening or occurrence. event A happening or occurrence.

An independent or small-group activity. exploration concept development games data collection skill review manipulative problem solving An independent or small-group activity.

exponent 3 4 = 4 * 4 * 4 The raised number in a power that tells the number of times the base is used as a factor.

exponential notation 4 = 4 * 4 * 4 3 4 = 4 * 4 * 4 A shorthand way of representing repeated multiplication of the same factor.

expression ( 2 + 3) X (6 – 2) 5 X (6 – 2) 5 X 4 A group of mathematical symbols (numbers, operations signs, variables, grouping symbols) that represents a number ( or can represent a number if values are assigned to any variables it contains).

A variation of a basic fact involving multiples of 10, 100 or so on. extended fact 30 + 70 = 100 40 X 5 = 200 560 ÷ 7 = 80 A variation of a basic fact involving multiples of 10, 100 or so on.

A flat surface that bounds a 3-dimensional shape.

Calculations of large numbers using knowledge of basic facts. fact extensions 5 + 8 = 13 50 + 80 = 130 500 + 800 = 1300 Calculations of large numbers using knowledge of basic facts.

Related addition and subtraction or multiplication and division facts. fact family 5 + 6 = 11 5X7=35 6 + 5 = 11 7X5=35 11 – 5 = 6 35÷7=5 11 – 6 = 5 35÷5=7 Related addition and subtraction or multiplication and division facts.

fact family 5 + 6 = 11 5X7=35 6 + 5 = 11 7X5=35 11 – 5 = 6 35÷7=5 11 – 6 = 5 35÷5=7 A group of addition or multiplication facts together with the related subtraction or division facts.

fact power The ability to recall basic numbers facts without having to figure them out.

A chart of rows and columns for use in finding +/- or x/÷ facts. fact table A chart of rows and columns for use in finding +/- or x/÷ facts.

A method used to obtain the prime. fact tree A method used to obtain the prime.

Triangular card labeled with numbers of a fact family. fact triangle . . 12 12 +,- x,÷ 4 3 4 8 Triangular card labeled with numbers of a fact family.

The numbers being multiplied in a multiplication number model. factors factors 4 X 3 = 12 The numbers being multiplied in a multiplication number model.

factors (noun) 4, 3, and 2 are factors in 4 x 3 x 2 = 24; A number that is multiplied by another number. Factors may be whole numbers or rational numbers expressed as fractions or decimals.

To represent a number as a product of factors. factors (verb) Factor 24 6 x 4 = 24 3 x 8 = 24 1 x 24 = 24 2 x 3 x 4 = 24 To represent a number as a product of factors.

Two factors of a number n which whose product is the number n. factor pair The factor pairs of 21 are 1 and 21 and 3 and 7. Two factors of a number n which whose product is the number n.

factor rainbow A way of showing factor pairs in a list of all the factors of a number.

factorization The original number is represented as a product of factors, and each of those factors is represented as a product of factors, and so on, until the factor string consists of prime numbers.

factorial 3! = 3 * 2 * 1 = 6 3! Is read as “three factorial” A product of a whole number and all the smaller whole numbers except 0.

Customary system of temperature measurement. Fahrenheit o 212 boiling point o 32 freezing point Customary system of temperature measurement.

A scale for temperature measurement. Fahrenheit o 212 boiling point o 32 freezing point A scale for temperature measurement.

A non-curved side of a 3-dimensional shape. flat surface A non-curved side of a 3-dimensional shape.

Base-10 block consisting of 100 ones. flat Base-10 block consisting of 100 ones.

flowchart Multiply by 5 Read the result Add 3 Enter 4 A diagram consisting of symbols and arrows to sequentially show a series of steps to complete a task.

A unit of length equal to 12 inches or 1/3 of a yard. foot (ft) A unit of length equal to 12 inches or 1/3 of a yard.

formula A formula for distance traveled can be written as d = r * t where the variable d stands for distance, r for speed, and t for time. A general rule for finding the value of something. A formula is often written in abbreviated form with letters, called variables.

A number that shows part of an object or group of objects. fraction A number that shows part of an object or group of objects.

fraction A number in the form or a/b, where a and b are whole numbers and b is not 0. Fractions are used to name part of a whole object, part of a whole collection of objects, to compare two quantities, or as the quotient of a divided by b.

Diagrams used to represent number sequences according to a rule. Frames and Arrows arrow rule + 5 + 5 + 5 Rule 5 10 20 15 + 5 frame arrow Diagrams used to represent number sequences according to a rule.

The number of times a value occurs in a set of data. frequency The number of times a value occurs in a set of data.

A graph showing how often each value in a data set occurs. frequency graph A graph showing how often each value in a data set occurs.

frequency graph A chart on which data is tallied to find the frequency of given events or values.

frequency table A chart on which data is tallied to find the frequency of given events or values.

The center support of a pan balance. fulcrum The center support of a pan balance.

function machine in out 2 5 3 6 4 7 15 18 46 49 A number put in is changed into a second number through the use of the rule.

function machine in out 2 5 3 6 4 7 15 18 46 49 A diagram of an imaginary machine programmed to process numbers according to a certain rule.

A unit of capacity equal to 4 quarts. gallon (gal) = A unit of capacity equal to 4 quarts.

A 3-dimensional shape bounded by surfaces. geometric solid A 3-dimensional shape bounded by surfaces.

The study of spatial objects and their properties and relationships. geometry The study of spatial objects and their properties and relationships.

gram (g) = gram = gram = gram 1000 grams = kilogram A unit of mass.

greatest common factor The common factors 24 and 36 are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 12. The greatest common factor is 24 and 36 is 12. The largest factor that two or more numbers have in common.

guess To estimate: judge tentatively or form an estimate of (quantities or time); think: expect, believe, or suppose .

height How tall something is.

height of a parallelogram One of the sides of a parallelogram; also the length of this side.

height of a rectangle One of the sides of a rectangle; also length of this side. The length of the side perpendicular to the base is the height of a rectangle.

height of 3-dimensional figure One face or a pair of faces on the figure. The height is the length of a line segment drawn perpendicular to a base of the figure that extends from the base to the opposite face or vertex.

height of a triangle One of the sides of a triangle; also, the length of its side. The shortest distance between the base and the vertex opposite the base is the height of a triangle.

heptagon 1 2 7 3 4 6 5 A 7-sided polygon.

hexagon 1 2 6 5 3 4 A 6-sided polygon.

hexagram A star formed by extending each side of a regular hexagon into an equilateral triangle.

A follow-up or enrichment activity done at home. Home Link A follow-up or enrichment activity done at home.

In a right triangle, the side opposite the right angle. hypotenuse In a right triangle, the side opposite the right angle.

icosahedron Regular polyhedron.

image The reflection of a picture or object that you see when you look through a transparent mirror.

improper fraction A fraction that names a number greater than or equal to 1; a fraction whose numerator is equal to or greater than its denominator.

A unit of measurement equal to 1/12 of a foot. inch (in.) [ A unit of measurement equal to 1/12 of a foot.

A number put into a function machine. input A number put into a function machine.

inequality = (not equal) < (less than) > (greater than) < (less than or equal) > (greater than or equal) 3 < 10; 2 + 5 = 4 + 4 A number sequence stating that two quantities are not equal, or might not be equal.

Any whole number or its opposite. integer -2, 2, 6, -100 are examples of integers Any whole number or its opposite.

interior The set of all points of the plane “inside” a closed 2-dimensional figure or a closed 3-dimensional figure. The interior is usually not considered to be part of the figure.

A set of numbers between two numbers a and b, possible a or b. interval a a b A set of numbers between two numbers a and b, possible a or b.

To meet (at a point, line, and so on). intersect To meet (at a point, line, and so on).

irrational numbers π 11.00100 10000 11111 10110 … 3.14159 26535 89793 23846 26433 83279 50288 … 3.243F6A8885A308D31319… 22⁄7, 223⁄71, 355⁄113, ... Numbers that cannot be written as fractions where both the numerator and denominator are integers and the denominator is not 0.