HW: Pls, submit your notes on management (MK, p 12)

Investing in start-ups Once upon a time these were just promising ideas... Who invented them?

Any bleeding edge stuff to report? Expressions: Bleeding edge? Cutting edge? –(for someone) to be trendy and very up-to-date –(for something) to be of the latest design Which level of management makes decisions about adopting big innovations?

Levels of management: Top / senior /upper management Middle management Lower management

Top management a)accountable to the B_ _ _ _ of directors (app_ _ n _ _d, superv_ _ _d, adv_s_d, d_ _ _ _ssed by them) b) responsibilities 1 - consider the needs of the future, innovate = change / _nn_ _ _ t _ _ _ management 2 - manage relations with s_ _ _ _holders 3 - deal with major crises = c_ _ _ _ _ management

Top management a) accountable to the Board of directors (appointed, supervised, advised, dismissed by them) b) responsibilities 1 - consider the needs of the future, innovate = change/ innovation management 2 - manage relations with stakeholders 3 - deal with major crises = crisis management

Managers: p___, o______, i_______, m______ & d______ (P. Drucker, 1977)

Managers plan, organize, integrate, measure & develop (P. Drucker, 1977) An_ _ _ _e and c_ _ss_ _ _ activities and relations among them D_ _ _de work into m_ _ _g_ab_ _ activities and individual tasks A_ _ign tasks to workers a l y s l a i f y i v i a na e l e ss

Workforce? employees /staff / personnel / human resources / labour senior staff≠junior staff higher-positioned ≠ lower-positioned superiors≠subordinates Mary is Kate’s superior. Kate is Mary’s subordinate.

And what would you prefer? → MK, p 22: Vocabulary

Read Company structure (MK, p 22-23) and match ideas to paragraphs –Contemporary businesses are too complex for hierarchies  functional structure –Disbanded as soon as project is finished –4 factors leading to flat hierarchies –Departments clash as they have different objectives –Direct communication among departments –Hierarchical structure: knowing who is your superior –Middle management replaced by IT systems HW: Comprehension HW: Vocabulary

Working in a big or a small company? Paragraphing  RB, p 66 Revise: Read Paragraphs, Topic sentences Do exercise 1

Additional information: and, furthermore, moreover, in addition to, next, then, besides Reason: because, because of, due to, owing to, as, since, therefore, that’s why Contrast: on the other hand, on the contrary, in contrast, although, yet, but, while, whereas Concession: (even) though, anyway, however, nevertheless, in any case, in spite of that, despite Purpose: in order to, so that Result/Consequence: consequently, as a result, therefore, so, thus Giving example: for example, for instance LINKING WORDS:

2 Organize the sentences in the logical order Start by looking for the topic sentence! 1 Tourism has become one of the world’s biggest industries. 2 It accounts for 11% global GDP and employs around 200 million people. 3 Estimates suggest that 590 million people travel abroad every year... And then....

Team work: I - Work out the relationships between sentences and rewrite the text. ORDER THE SENTENCES: 1 – topic sentence

1 – topic sentence 2 – information, linking word necessary? 3 - additional information, linking word: _______ II Decide which linking words and phrases to use. III Write the paragraph.→Read the paragraph

Tourism has become one of world’s biggest industries. It accounts for 11% of global GDP and employs around 200 million people. In addition, estimates suggest that 590 million people travel abroad every year, sometimes several times, not only for holidays but also for business, and for personal, religious, or health reasons. However, after September 11 th, there are fewer Americans travelling, which has been disastrous for some global tourist economies. Even though the travel industry usually recovers very quickly, will this always be the case in future? All things considered, in an increasingly dangerous world, especially with an ever preset threat of terrorist attack, people may not be willing to travel as much as they used to.

Tourism has become one of the world`s biggest industries. It accounts for 11% of global GDP and employs around 200 million people. Moreover, estimates suggest that 590 million people travel abroad every year, sometimes several times, not only for holidays but also for business, and for personal, religious, or health reasons. However, in an increasingly dangerous world, especially with an ever present threat of terrorist attack, people may not be willing to travel as much as they used to. For instance, after September 11 th, there are fewer Americans travelling, which has been disastrous for some global tourist economies. Although that the travel industry usually recovers very quickly, will this always be the case in the future?

Paragraphing HW: Write a short text about: advantages of working in a big company OR advantages of working in a small company