Metric System.

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Presentation transcript:

Metric System

Scientific Notation In science, we deal with some very LARGE numbers: 1 mole = 602000000000000000000000 In science, we deal with some very SMALL numbers: Mass of an electron = 0.000000000000000000000000000000091 kg

Scientific Notation: A method of representing very large or very small numbers in the form: M x 10n M is a number between 1 and 10 n is an integer

. 2 500 000 000 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Step #1: Insert an understood decimal point Step #2: Decide where the decimal must end up so that one number is to its left Step #3: Count how many places you bounce the decimal point Step #4: Re-write in the form M x 10n

2.5 x 109 The exponent is the number of places we moved the decimal.

0.0000579 1 2 3 4 5 Step #2: Decide where the decimal must end up so that one number is to its left Step #3: Count how many places you bounce the decimal point Step #4: Re-write in the form M x 10n

5.79 x 10-5 The exponent is negative because the number we started with was less than 1.

4 x 106 Multiply the front numbers then add the exponents x 3 x 106 12 x 1012 Move the decimal behind the first number 1.2 x 1013

Divide the front numbers then subtract the exponents 0.4 x 105 Move the decimal behind the first number 4 x 104

SI System Standard International System of measurement – metrics Has seven base units and many other units derived from these seven

Seven Base Units

Mass vs Weight Mass is not the same as weight Mass is the amount of matter in a substance Weight is a measure of the pull of gravity on the substance Can you be weightless? Can you be massless?

Derived Units Many other units are used in the metric system, but they are combinations of the base units Speed - meter per sec (m/sec) Volume volume = length x width x height (m) x (m) x (m) = m3 .001 m3 = 1 liter (L) 1 cm3 = 1ml

Prefixes Metric system utilizes prefixes which indicate multiples of 10 of the unit kilo- k 1000 hecto- h 100 deka- da 10 deci- d .1 centi- c .01 milli- m .001

Converting Between Metric Units 3.65 dam = __________cm 2587 mm = __________hm .0087 hl = __________cl

More Prefixes

Use the appropriate prefixes 3 x 106 L 15 x 10-9 g 8 x 108 m 3.5 x 10-6 A 1.46 x 1010 J

Temperature Metric unit – Kelvin – not used for measurement Measured in C (celsius) K = C + 273.15 Old system is F (farenheit) C = 5/9 (F -32) What is 69 F in C and K?