BIOMES.

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Presentation transcript:

BIOMES

What is a Biome? A biome is a large region characterized by a specific type of climate and certain types of plants & animal communities. Described by their vegetation. Plants that grow in an area determine the other organisms that can live there.

Tropic of Cancer Equator Tropic of Capricorn Semidesert, arid grassland Tundra (polar grasslands) Desert Tropical Rain Forest, Tropical Evergreen Forest Mountains (complex zonation) Taiga (northern coniferous forest ) Temperate Deciduous Forest Tropical deciduous forest Ice Temperate Grassland Tropical scrub forest Chaparral Savanna

Consider this hierarchy model: BIOSPHERE BIOMES SMALLER ECOSYSTEMS

What factors determine which plants can grow in a certain area? Remember that biomes are defined by their plant life Climate Refers to the weather conditions, such as temperature, precipitation, humidity, & winds, in an area over a long period of time. Temperature & Precipitation Determines a region’s climate All organisms need water, and the larger an organism is, the more water it needs.

Polar Subpolar Temperate Tropical Tundra Subpolar Temperate Coniferous forest Desert Deciduous forest Grassland Chaparral Tropical Desert Savanna Rain forest Tropical seasonal forest Scrubland

Latitude & Vegetation Biomes, climate, and vegetation vary with latitude & altitude. Latitude is the distance north or south of the equator and is measured in degrees. Altitude is the height of an object above sea level.

Easterlies (from the east) Westerlies (from the west) 60°N Northeast tradewinds 30°N (Doldrums) equator Southeast tradewinds 30°S Westerlies 60°S Easterlies Initial pattern of air circulation Deflections in the paths of air flow near the earth’s surface

Cold Tropical (equator) Tropical Cold Climate type Cool Temperate Warm Temperate Tropical (equator) Tropical Warm Temperate Cool Temperate Cold Fig. 6.6a, p. 125 Climate type

Temperate Deciduous Forest MTNs (Ice & Snow) Low Tundra Taiga Elevation Deciduous Forest Tropical Rain Forest High Tropical Rain Forest Temperate Deciduous Forest Taiga Tundra Polar Ice High Moisture Availability Low

Polar (ice) Warm temperate Highland Warm ocean current Subarctic (snow) Dry Major upwelling zones Cold ocean current Cool temperate Tropical River Fig. 6.4, p. 124

Review Why is it hard for trees to survive at the tops of very high mountains? Which biome would you expect to find a warm to hot conditions with a large amount of moisture? Coniferous trees can be found in both the subartic taiga and in warm chaparral regions. What kind of conditons have these trees in these areas adapted to?