P HYTOGEOGRAPHICAL DIVISION OF THE E ARTH ' S SURFACE Výukový materiál EK Tvůrce: Ing. Marie Jiráková Tvůrce anglické verze: Mgr. Milan Smejkal Projekt: S anglickým jazykem do dalších předmětů Registrační číslo: CZ.1.07/1.1.36/ Tento projekt je spolufinancován ESF a SR ČR

V EGETATION OF THE E ARTH IS DIVIDED : horizontally – plant areas and vegetation zones vertically – altitudinal zonation – elevation levels

REGIONAL PHYTOGEOGRAPHY examines the various flora phytogeographical areas

P LANT AREAS the highest phytogeographical units divided into sub-regions, provinces

A REAS Holarctic Palaeotropical Neotropical Australian Cape Antarctic

V EGETATION ZONATION an inevitable extension of vegetation depending on latitude from the equator to the poles we can see coherent and parallelly organized VEGETATION ZONES

T HE BELT OF TROPICAL RAINFORESTS equatorial regions balanced climate, the average temperature ºC even abundant rainfalls diverse vegetation, dominated by trees

T HE BELT OF DECIDUOUS AND SEMI - DECIDUOUS FORESTS it follows the tropical rain forests on the southern and northern hemisphere temperature differences between the cold season and the warm season irregular rainfalls

T HE SAVANNAH BELT tropical and subtropical areas of the southern hemisphere the rainy season 2-4 months the tall grass vegetation, sparsely scattered shrubs or trees

T HE BELT OF DESERTS AND SEMI - DESERTS in the tropics, subtropics and temperate regions a small amount of precipitation large temperature differences between day and night very sparse vegetation

T HE BELT OF FOREST WITH HARD LEAVES AND THEIR ALTERNATIVE COMMUNITIES. areas with maximum precipitation in winter and very dry and warm summers (eg. California, Mediterranean) original vegetation - evergreen forests current vegetation - scrub communities

T HE BELT OF DECIDUOUS BROAD - LEAVED FORESTS. temperate zones of the northern hemisphere winter lasts 3-4 months deciduous trees

T HE BELT OF STEPPES in extratropical areas little rain vegetation - grasses, herbs The Central Asia, Ukraine, North America (prairie), South America (pampas)

T HE N ORTHERN BELT OF CONIFEROUS FORESTS Northern Europe, Asia, North America characterized by large fluctuations in temperature spruce, pine, fir, larch northern boundary of the forest

T HE BELT OF TUNDRA a northern hemisphere a short growing season and low summer temperatures mosses, lichens, shrubby birches, willows

W ORKSHEET - REVISION How to divide vegetation on Earth? What does regional phytogeography study? What are the plant areas? Which plant areas do we know and what is characteristic for each of them ?

S OURCES KINCL, Lubomír, Miloslav KINCL a Jana JAKRLOVÁ. Biologie rostlin pro 1. ročník gymnázií. Třetí, upravené vydání – dotisk. Praha: Fortuna, ISBN