CLASSIFICATION OF SPECIES 1. What is taxonomy? Who developed the system? How does the system work? What are these groups called? The scientific system.

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CLASSIFICATION OF SPECIES 1

What is taxonomy? Who developed the system? How does the system work? What are these groups called? The scientific system of classifying living organisms Carolus Linneaus Organisms are grouped based on similarities between them Taxa (singular-taxon) 2

CLASSIFICATION OF SPECIES How are the taxa organized? Names & order of taxa… From largest group (least specific) to smallest group (most specific) Domain Kingdom Phlyum Class Order Family Genus Species 3

CLASSIFICATION OF SPECIES What scientific names are used for organisms? Examples: Genus and species (binomial nomenclature) Acer rubrum (maple) (red) - Red Maple Felis domesticus (cat) (domestic) – House cat 4

5 CLASSIFICATION OF SPECIES Circle our Genus and species

6

Review Vocabulary before we get started Autotrophic Heterotrophic Decomposer Multicellular Unicellular Aerobic environment Anaerobic environment Absorptive Heterotroph Ingestive Heterotroph Producer Consumer

CLASSIFICATION OF SPECIES Domain Bacteria contains… Characteristics of Kingdom Eubacteria: Kingdom Eubacteria Prokaryotic Have cell walls made of protein May be autotrophic or heterotrophic Found in all habitats except harsh ones Some cause disease 8

CLASSIFICATION OF SPECIES Why are members of Kingdom Eubacteria important? Decomposers Nitrogen fixers Commercially important 9

CLASSIFICATION OF SPECIES Domain Archaea contains… Characteristics of Kingdom Archaebacteria… Kingdom Archaebacteria Prokaryotic Have cell walls made of protein May be autotrophic or heterotrophic Live in harsh environments 1 st cellular organisms

Kingdom Archaebacteria members are found in… Scientists believe that Archaebacteria are … Sewage treatment plants Volcanic vents or hot springs Long-frozen ice More related to the members of Domain Eukarya than Domain Bacteria

What evidence did scientists use to determine the archaebacteria is most similar to eukaryotes?

CLASSIFICATION OF SPECIES Domain Eukarya contains… What all members have in common… Kingdoms: 1.Protista 2.Fungi 3.Plantae 4.Animalia They are eukaryotic

What does Eukaryote mean? How will you recognize it on your test? What structure are you looking for?

CLASSIFICATION OF SPECIES Characteristics of Kingdom Protista Where do they live? Most unicellular, some (algae) are multicellular Some autotrophic, some heterotrophic Some have cell walls made of cellulose Some have chloroplasts Mostly in water; some in moist soil or animal bodies

CLASSIFICATION OF SPECIES It is classified as a protist if it is not… What are the most important protists? A fungus, a plant or an animal Phytoplankton and zooplankton

CLASSIFICATION OF SPECIES The characteristics of Kingdom Fungi are… All members are multicellular except for yeasts Absorptive heterotrophs; they are decomposers Have cell walls made of chitin

CLASSIFICATION OF SPECIES The characteristics of Kingdom Plantae are… All multicellular All autotrophic Cell walls made of cellulose Have chloroplasts and a large central vacuole Also called producers

CLASSIFICATION OF SPECIES The characteristics of Kingdom Animalia are… All multicellular All ingestive heterotrophs None have cell walls or chloroplasts Also called consumers

CLASSIFICATION OF SPECIES How were organisms first classified? How are organisms classified now? Grouped according to similarities in structure and environment they lived in Similarities in DNA