MPE, Garching – Jan. 28, 2014Italian contribution to WFI: L. Piro Athena, the Advanced Telescope for High Energy Astrophysics 1 Potential Italian contributions to WFI L. Piro, IAPS-Rome on behalf of the Athena Italian team

MPE, Garching – Jan. 28, 2014Italian contribution to WFI: L. Piro Athena, the Advanced Telescope for High Energy Astrophysics 2 The rationale The primary Italian contribution to mission elements is XIFU Other smaller contributions include participation to mirror and Ground Segment activities. This approach has been consistently presented to ASI and properly ackwnoledged by the agency Credible approach for WFI contributions: limited and harmonized with present commitments on XIFU. For WFI we propose activities that are carried out by the Italian consortium on XIFU and that can be – with a reasonable delta effort – developed for WFI

MPE, Garching – Jan. 28, 2014Italian contribution to WFI: L. Piro Athena, the Advanced Telescope for High Energy Astrophysics 3 Proposed items maximizing synergy WFI-XIFU On board instrument s/w for the ICU Instrument simulations Filters (Part of) Digital electronics Scientific support (instrument trade-off, calibrations)

MPE, Garching – Jan. 28, 2014Italian contribution to WFI: L. Piro Athena, the Advanced Telescope for High Energy Astrophysics 4 Proposed items maximizing synergy WFI-XIFU On board instrument s/w for the ICU Instrument simulations Filters (Part of) Digital electronics Scientific support (instrument trade-off, calibrations)

MPE, Garching – Jan. 28, 2014Italian contribution to WFI: L. Piro Athena, the Advanced Telescope for High Energy Astrophysics 5 ICU in XIFU INAF (IASF-Bo, Oss.To, IAPS) responsible for h/w and s/w)

MPE, Garching – Jan. 28, 2014Italian contribution to WFI: L. Piro Athena, the Advanced Telescope for High Energy Astrophysics 6 ICU Functions Set-up and control instrument subsystems Interface to S/C for H/K and TC Science data packaging and transfer to S/C ( I/F TBC) Instrument health check Failure mode management Time signal distribution (TBC) Filter Wheel control (I/F, motor driver and X-ray source TBC/TBD) 6

MPE, Garching – Jan. 28, 2014Italian contribution to WFI: L. Piro Athena, the Advanced Telescope for High Energy Astrophysics 7 ISO Long Wavelegth Spectrometer DPU and on board s/w (IAPS, Laben) Herschel Instruments DPUs and instrument control software (IAPS,CGS) -A single provider for all the three scientific instruments onboard  one single interface with the S/C CDMU provider Euclid VIS CDPU and instrument control and data s/w (IAPS) and NISP ICU on board s/w (IASF-Bo, Oss.To, IAPS) -A single provider (INAF) for the two scientific instruments onboard  one single interface with the S/C CDMU provider Expertize with the main standards ICU items: – for SW design and development (UML, MISRA) – main space qualified processors ( DSP21020 (Herschel), LEON3FT (Euclid and SPICA), PowerPC 750FX (Euclid)) – SpaceWire networks (Euclid and SPICA) – ESA ECSS standards and procedures – CCSDS standard lossless compression algorithms implementation and optimisation (Euclid) INAF team heritage on ICU 7

MPE, Garching – Jan. 28, 2014Italian contribution to WFI: L. Piro Athena, the Advanced Telescope for High Energy Astrophysics 8 Possibility to implement onboard Athena+ the same “effective and successful” configuration adopted for Herschel and Euclid  one single On Board Software provider (INAF) for both scientific payload instruments  one single interface between ESA, Prime and Instruments Consortia for S/C data interface matters (protocol definition, SW interface implementation and testing)  A centralised expertise for the on board science data processing  Best commonalities exploitation - design - procurement - testing Benefit of the synergical approach 8

MPE, Garching – Jan. 28, 2014Italian contribution to WFI: L. Piro Athena, the Advanced Telescope for High Energy Astrophysics 9 Proposed items maximizing synergy WFI-XIFU On board instrument s/w for the ICU Instrument simulations Filters: development, procurement and calibration (Part of) Digital electronics Scientific support (instrument trade-off, calibrations)

MPE, Garching – Jan. 28, 2014Italian contribution to WFI: L. Piro Athena, the Advanced Telescope for High Energy Astrophysics 10  INAF (Oss.Pa) & Univ. Pa: Development and Calibration of the X-IFU Aperture Cylinder and FPA Optical/IR blocking Filters Present baseline 5 filters for a total of Aluminum 2100 Å + Polyimide 2800 Å Support mesh on the two larger diameter filters. Filters in Athena- XIFU

MPE, Garching – Jan. 28, 2014Italian contribution to WFI: L. Piro Athena, the Advanced Telescope for High Energy Astrophysics 11 HERITAGE HINODE XRT (USA/Japan)  Calibration of the 9 focal plane filters (50 mm diam.) Chandra HRC-I (USA)  Development and calibration of the HRC UV/Ion shields (93 mm x 93 mm) Newton-XMM EPIC (Europe)  Development and calibration of the Thin and Medium filters (76 mm diam.) Thin Al/Mesh Aluminum 1600 Å + Mesh 82 % Thin Al/Poly Aluminum 1600 Å + Polyimide 2500 Å C/Poly Carbon 7000 Å + Polyimide 2500 Å Ti/Poly Titanium 3000 Å + Polyimide 2500 Å Thin Be Beryllium 9 μ m Med Be Beryllium 30 μm Thick Be Beryllium 300 μ m Med Al Aluminum 12.5 μ m Thick Al Aluminum 25 μ m HRC-I Aluminum 750 Å + Polyimide 5700 Å Thin Aluminum 400 Å + Polyimide 1800 Å Medium Aluminum 800 Å + Polyimide 1800 Å

MPE, Garching – Jan. 28, 2014Italian contribution to WFI: L. Piro Athena, the Advanced Telescope for High Energy Astrophysics 12 Examples of filter characterization HINODE Calibration Program Barbera, M.,. et al., Proc SPIE, 5488, X-Ray Astronomy Calibration and Testing facility (INAF)

MPE, Garching – Jan. 28, 2014Italian contribution to WFI: L. Piro Athena, the Advanced Telescope for High Energy Astrophysics 13 Proposed items maximizing synergy WFI-XIFU On board instrument s/w for the ICU Instrument simulations Filters: development, procurement and calibration (Part of) Digital electronics Scientific support (instrument trade-off, calibrations)

MPE, Garching – Jan. 28, 2014Italian contribution to WFI: L. Piro Athena, the Advanced Telescope for High Energy Astrophysics 14 Simulations of XIFU INAF consortium (led by IAPS with IASF-Pa and Oss.Pa, with plans to include contributions from IASF-Bo and Oss. Roma) responsible for XIFU simulations. Need to fold various effects: L2 environment: CR and solar protons (analysis of particle monitor from Herschel and Planck) Various galactic and extragalactic X-ray components effect of soft protons through mirrors (with optics ray tracing) driving assessment of particle diverter GEANT simulation of detector and its environment driving instrument design

MPE, Garching – Jan. 28, 2014Italian contribution to WFI: L. Piro Athena, the Advanced Telescope for High Energy Astrophysics 15 Advanced Telescope for High Energy Astrophysics Particles background in L2 Cosmic Rays Solar protons Both components depend on the solar cycle. Analysis of Planck Particle Monitor Data undergoing Stationary flux Flares

MPE, Garching – Jan. 28, 2014Italian contribution to WFI: L. Piro Athena, the Advanced Telescope for High Energy Astrophysics 16 Improvement in Background reduction x20 x6 16 σ(T) =3.3% σ(Z) =15% Fe K  σ(T) =2.4% σ(Z) =12% Cluster at the formation epoch (z=2) F= erg/cm 2 /s, A=0.2 arcmin 2, kT=2.0 keV, Abundance 0.3, area=1m2,f/l=12m Extensive simulations/design and TES AC detector and suppression of secondary electrons F(5”)= c.g.s

MPE, Garching – Jan. 28, 2014Italian contribution to WFI: L. Piro Athena, the Advanced Telescope for High Energy Astrophysics 17 Benefit Beneficial in terms of optimization of resources if (some of) instrument simulations activities are carried out for the WFI as well. E.g.: Avoid duplication of same items: various components of L2 environment, GEANT model of the spacecraft Similar design solutions for further reduction of the residual particle background (shields, soft particle diverter,…)

MPE, Garching – Jan. 28, 2014Italian contribution to WFI: L. Piro Athena, the Advanced Telescope for High Energy Astrophysics 18 Proposed items maximizing synergy WFI-XIFU On board instrument s/w for the ICU Instrument simulations Filters: development, procurement and calibration (Part of) Digital electronics Scientific support (instrument trade-off, calibrations)

MPE, Garching – Jan. 28, 2014Italian contribution to WFI: L. Piro Athena, the Advanced Telescope for High Energy Astrophysics 19 Science support For XIFU: IAPS, IASF-Bo, Oss.Pa, Oss. Roma, UniRoma, with contributions by Oss. Trieste, Oss. Bo, Oss. Mi, IASF-Mi). For the WFI a team drawn from the above team. Example: Hydrodynamical simulations of galaxies/groups/clusters/ WHIM (  X-IFU & WFI) FLASH/grid-based SPH cosmological simulations (ref. INAF/OaBO & Univ.)

MPE, Garching – Jan. 28, 2014Italian contribution to WFI: L. Piro Athena, the Advanced Telescope for High Energy Astrophysics 20 Proposed items maximizing synergy WFI-XIFU On board instrument s/w for the ICU Instrument simulations Filters (Part of) Digital electronics for pre-processing Scientific support (instrument trade-off, calibrations)

MPE, Garching – Jan. 28, 2014Italian contribution to WFI: L. Piro Athena, the Advanced Telescope for High Energy Astrophysics 21 Digital Electronics for XIFU TESCryoAC INAF consortium in charge of the TESCryoAC detector Digital box (IASF-Mi): Digitalization of analog signals from detector Preprocessing of data

MPE, Garching – Jan. 28, 2014Italian contribution to WFI: L. Piro Athena, the Advanced Telescope for High Energy Astrophysics 22 Heritage Solar Orbiter/METIS UV detector (Intensified APS) Testing Development of the real time digital processor for enabling photon counting detection (implemented in FPGA Actel RTAX 2000) Design and development of the AntiCoincidence detector, test and measurement electronics of AGILE Rad Hard Tests of Legnaro: SEU monitoring Latch-up monitoring

MPE, Garching – Jan. 28, 2014Italian contribution to WFI: L. Piro Athena, the Advanced Telescope for High Energy Astrophysics 23 Additional activities GSE/AIV/AIT (e.g. IASF-Bo,IAPS): Currently not baselined for XIFU (thus of lower priority) but with strong heritage from EPIC/XMM – PICSIT/INTEGRAL – Simbol-X and NHXM – AGILE, Herschel, …

MPE, Garching – Jan. 28, 2014Italian contribution to WFI: L. Piro Athena, the Advanced Telescope for High Energy Astrophysics 24 Proposed items maximizing synergy WFI-XIFU On board instrument s/w for the ICU Optical/UV blocking Filters Instrument simulations Scientific support (instrument trade-off, …) (Part of) Digital electronics for pre-processor

MPE, Garching – Jan. 28, 2014Italian contribution to WFI: L. Piro Athena, the Advanced Telescope for High Energy Astrophysics 25 X-Ray Transmission Measurements and Modeling HINODE Calibration Program Barbera, M.,. et al., Proc SPIE, 5488, 2004.

MPE, Garching – Jan. 28, 2014Italian contribution to WFI: L. Piro Athena, the Advanced Telescope for High Energy Astrophysics 26 ATHENA+ X-IFU Italian Consortium Luigi Piro Advanced Telescope for High Energy Astrophysics 26 Analysis of Planck/SREM data * Data courtesy of Dr. Paul Buehler, Andrea Zacchei and Luis Mendes ** (left) each bin is 1 day averaged. The decrease is consistent with the solar cycle that is going toward the max. ***(right) each bin is 50 s. We analyzed the data from the Solar Radiation Environment Monitor onboard of Planck (SREM) in the period , since it is in the same orbit ATHENA+ will be placed.