Due for Wednesday (today): 211 starting at Population and Society 218 stopping at HIV / AIDS is exerting… Due 218 starting at HIV / AIDS is exerting… to the end of the chapter. We will spent a fair amount of time on HIV / AIDS Next week’s vocab Words 46-50: Quiz will be Saturday! 46. Manipulative Experiment 47. Correlation Experiment / Study 48. Fauna 49. Dr. Salk 50. R Species vs K Species Homework

Do now What is the connection between the Destiny Africa group and the topics we are discussing? Hint, where was the group from and what is the greatest issue in that region? Group is from Uganda The area is ground zero for HIV / AIDS

Quick Review What is IPAT? Impact = Population x Affluence x Technology, sometimes add S for sensitivity, meaning development in a sensitive area. Strong nations tend to have slow population growth. Why? Demography? What is it?

Population distribution Humans are unevenly distributed around the globe Unpopulated areas tend to be environmentally sensitive (high S value in the IPAT equation) – Vulnerable to humans (e.g., deserts, arid grasslands)

Age structure affects population size Age structure diagrams (population pyramids) show age structure Wide base = many young: – High reproduction – Rapid population growth Even age distribution: – Remains stable – Births = deaths

Canada’s age structure is balanced Madagascar’s age structure is heavily weighted toward the young Age structures: Canada vs. Madagascar

New Material Transition Demographics – explain the chart below

Reading to focus on Why did Fertility Decline in Bangladesh decline? Education of women: Better opportunities Greater chance of not living in poverty Longer lives Educating women reduces fertility rates, delays childbirth, and gives them a voice in reproductive decisions

Empowering women reduces growth rates Fertility rates drop when women gain access to contraceptives, family planning programs, and educational opportunities Women with little power have unintended pregnancies – Two-thirds of the world’s illiterate are women

Correlation of poverty and population Poverty exacerbates population growth – Population growth exacerbates poverty In 1960, 70% of all people lived in developing nations – As of 2010, 82% live in these nations – 99% of the next billion will be born in these nations

Poverty & environmental degradation Population growth in poor nations increases environmental degradation – Farming degrades soil in arid areas (Africa, China) – Poor people cut forests, deplete biodiversity, and hunt endangered species (e.g., great apes) Africa’s Sahel and western China are turning to desert

Question In the industrialized world, what is the greatest cause of death? Heart Disease – directly related to poor diets (obesity). What about in the 3 rd World? AIDS, why? Is AIDS really an issue in the United States?