HIV/STD Presentation Jace Dyckman Prevention Health Specialist

Where did HIV come from? The first documentation of HIV was discovered in 1959 in the Democratic Republic of Congo Research estimates that the SIV Virus crossed over to humans from primates between , creating HIV Recognition and documentation of the virus began in the early 1980’s in the U.S.

HIV Overview In this section, we will: Discuss what HIV is, Why HIV does what it does, and What we can do about.

May As of this date we have 15 new cases in Montana. East side has 9. West side has 6.

What does the acronym HIV mean? 1.Human Immune system Virus 2.Human Immunodeficiency Virus 3.Hybrid Immune Virus 4.Human Immunization Virus

Human – The HIV virus ONLY affects humans. Immunodeficiency – Your immune system is attacked…it isn’t what it used to be and it is not always able to fight off illnesses. Virus – This is a virus that will never go away. Human Immunodeficiency Virus

How does the HIV virus affect the bodies immune system?

Immune System Your immune system is your body’s military, or protector. When an illness enters your body your immune system is what responds so your body can heal.

Which fluids can transmit the HIV virus?

HIV transmission fluids HIV can be transmitted via blood, vaginal secretions, semen, and breast milk. HIV cannot be transmitted when these fluids are absent, i.e., while sharing eating utensils, holding hands, etc. HIV dies as soon as it comes into contact with the air, however all of the blood in a syringe and blood in large quantities is not always contacted by air, so this remains a risk of transmission.

What is the average time someone will live after they become infected with HIV.

Those with HIV are living healthier and longer lives These medications are helping people live longer, healthier lives. They are also preventing new infections from occurring by lowering the amount of virus in the body.

What is the difference? HIV is the virus which causes or turns into AIDS Four stages can be used to describe HIV 1.Primary HIV infection 2.Asymptomatic stage 3.Symptom HIV infection 4.Progression of HIV to AIDS

Once someone is diagnosed with AIDS, they can go back to having HIV?

Is there a test someone can get to get tested for HIV? When should you get a test? How long do I have to wait for the results? What is the “window period”?

STI’s (Sexually Transmitted Diseases) In this section we will broadly cover STD’s which are common in the US and Montana.

Viral HIV = No Cure Hep B = No Cure if Chronic Carrier, vaccine is available HPV = No Cure, vaccine is available Herpes = No cure Hep C Bacterial Chlamydia Syphillis Gonorrhea Parasitic Crabs/Pubic Lice

Chlamydia 75% of women and 50% of men DO NOT have symptoms. Causes infertility. 2.8 million infected each year.

Chlamydia Symptoms: Discharge from penis or vagina, burning during urination, frequent urination, bleeding between periods (for women), cramps between periods (for women), and swollen and tender testicles (for men) Treatment: Antibiotics Transmission: Sexual; vaginal fluid and semen

Herpes Transmission can occur from days before the start of a lesion until the lesion is gone It is possible to have herpes and not have symptoms Herpes requires only a a skin to skin contact to be transmitted

Human Papillomavirus Causes cervical cancer and genital warts Warts will come and go throughout your life There is a vaccine available to protect women from the four most harmful types which cause 90% of cervical cancer and 70% of genital warts Some experts estimate that 50% of those who have had sex have had HPV

Human Papillomavirus Symptoms: genital warts, abnormal pap, Treatment: Some HPV can be eliminated by the body, however most of the types that cause warts or cervical cancer will never go away Transmission: Sexual; vaginal fluids and semen or contact with a wart

Syphilis Syphilis is spread during vaginal, anal and oral sex. If untreated, it can cause major neurological damage, heart problems, liver failure, and much more. It is nicknamed the ‘great imitator’.

Secondary and Tertiary Syphilis Skin rash and mucous membrane The disease can remain latent for years and can eventually damage internal organs, including the brain, nerves, eyes, heart, blood vessels, liver, bones and joints.

Pubic Lice/Crabs

The ABC’s of Hepatitis Where is the liver and what does it do?

What is Hepatitis? –HEPA means liver –itasmeans inflamed

Hepatitis A Fecal-Oral transmission Contaminated, uncooked food Immunizations available

Hepatitis B Hepatitis is spread through blood, semen and vaginal secretions This can become chronic but usually only lasts for about 6 months Vaccinations are available to prevent Hepatitis A and Hepatitis B

Hepatitis B can be life threatening

Hepatitis B Symptoms: feeling tired, fever, joint pain, yellow skin, no appetite, dark urine, nausea, stomach pain, vomiting Treatment: No treatment Transmission: Sexually; Blood, semen and vaginal secretions

Hepatitis C Hepatitis is 5 times more prevalent than HIV. Hepatitis is spread through IV drug use and tattooing with infected ink or needles. There is treatment for HEP C, but only 1 out of 10 people will be able to finish treatment.