ALCOHOL Unit # 3 Mrs. Wells

Alcohol Today Nation’s #1 Drug Problem Nation’s #1 Drug Problem 100+ million adults (60 – 70% of total population use) 100+ million adults (60 – 70% of total population use) –Used more than any other drug 10 + million adult alcoholics 10 + million adult alcoholics 3 + million teenage alcoholics / problem drinkers 3 + million teenage alcoholics / problem drinkers

Alcohol Today The 2007 Youth Risk Behavior Survey found that among high school students, during the past 30 days: The 2007 Youth Risk Behavior Survey found that among high school students, during the past 30 days: 45% drank some amount of alcohol. 45% drank some amount of alcohol. 26% binge drank. 26% binge drank. 11% drove after drinking alcohol. 11% drove after drinking alcohol. 29% rode with a driver who had been drinking alcohol. 29% rode with a driver who had been drinking alcohol.

Teenage Drinking Video TN:-Happy-Hours TN:-Happy-Hours TN:-Happy-Hours TN:-Happy-Hours Write a reflection based on the video that you just watched. How common do you think that drinking is in this school? Do you think that it is bad if teens drink alcohol? What could impact your decision to drink or not drink alcohol? Write a reflection based on the video that you just watched. How common do you think that drinking is in this school? Do you think that it is bad if teens drink alcohol? What could impact your decision to drink or not drink alcohol?

Alcohol Today Excessive alcohol use, either in the form of heavy drinking (drinking more than two drinks per day on average for men or more than one drink per day on average for women), or binge drinking (drinking 5 or more drinks during a single occasion for men or 4 or more drinks during a single occasion for women), can lead to increased risk of health problems such as liver disease or unintentional injuries. Excessive alcohol use, either in the form of heavy drinking (drinking more than two drinks per day on average for men or more than one drink per day on average for women), or binge drinking (drinking 5 or more drinks during a single occasion for men or 4 or more drinks during a single occasion for women), can lead to increased risk of health problems such as liver disease or unintentional injuries. Source of data is the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS); information about the BRFSS is available at

Alcohol Today (P. 418) ½ of all crime ½ of all crime –75% of violent crimes Alcohol is negatively linked with violence, rape, suicide, breaking the law, academic apathy, accidental death, injuries, irresponsible decisions, STI/STD’s, job loss, divorce, and serious illness Alcohol is negatively linked with violence, rape, suicide, breaking the law, academic apathy, accidental death, injuries, irresponsible decisions, STI/STD’s, job loss, divorce, and serious illness Alcohol related diseases lead to 12,000 deaths/year Alcohol related diseases lead to 12,000 deaths/year –#1 Cirrhosis

Cirrhosis is a potentially life-threatening condition that occurs when scarring, called fibrosis, damages the liver. The scarring replaces healthy tissue and prevents the liver from working normally. Cirrhosis is a potentially life-threatening condition that occurs when scarring, called fibrosis, damages the liver. The scarring replaces healthy tissue and prevents the liver from working normally.

Motor Vehicle Deaths –25,000 (57% of deaths) –17,400 (44%) –16,068 (38%) –17,419 (41%) –17,401 (40%)

Bryan Fitzpatrick and John McIntosh were two of the paramedics who helped rescue Jacqui from the burning car in September Despite years of experience as rescuers, the two men were haunted by the crash and their inability to save Jacqui before she burned.

Rescue crews had to use the Jaws of Life to rip apart the Oldsmobile, above, driven by Natalia Chpytchak Bennett, who was killed. Jacqui was in the passenger seat. Laura Guerrero, who also died, was in the back with Johanna Gil and Johan Daal, who were injured. Jacqui displays this photo of her with her father as a memento from her old life. Taken just before she left Venezuela for Austin in 1999, it's a reminder of what she lost, but also of what she still has: her memories and her father.

Reflection 1. How did hearing Jacqui’s story make you feel? 2. How do you think Jacqui’s family felt during the time of her accident? 3. What surprised you the most about her story? 4. What do you think about Reggie Stephey? Was he a bad person? 5. In what ways can you help to prevent devastation like this from happening?

Classes of Drinkers (3 Classes) Social Social –Moderate, safe amounts consumed by adults (21 yrs or older) Problem Problem –Self or others at risk Alcoholic Alcoholic –Dependent

Responsible (over 21) Alcohol Use Know limit Know limit Space out drinks Space out drinks Small glasses Small glasses Dilute mix drinks Dilute mix drinks Eat while consuming Eat while consuming Don’t drink and drive Don’t drink and drive Don’t drink and use medication Don’t drink and use medication Don’t drink if pregnant or not sure Don’t drink if pregnant or not sure –Baby’s of mothers who drank may be born with fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)  Delayed physical and mental growth

1 Drink (1/2 oz of pure ethanol) One 12 oz can of beer (4.5% alcohol) One 12 oz can of beer (4.5% alcohol) 1 ¼ oz of 80 proof hard liquor (distilled) (40% alcohol) 1 ¼ oz of 80 proof hard liquor (distilled) (40% alcohol) –Proof: amount of alcohol in a beverage as measured by %. Double the % of alcohol  Ex: Beverage with 20% alcohol is 40 proof 1 oz of 100 proof liquor 1 oz of 100 proof liquor 3-5 oz of wine (12-14% alcohol) 3-5 oz of wine (12-14% alcohol) 1 wine cooler (1.5 – 6% alcohol) 1 wine cooler (1.5 – 6% alcohol) 1 mix drink (see above) 1 mix drink (see above)

Alcohol & the Body (P. 411) About 20% of alcohol consumed is absorbed into the bloodstream through stomach walls. About 20% of alcohol consumed is absorbed into the bloodstream through stomach walls. The majority is absorbed through intestine walls. The majority is absorbed through intestine walls. The remaining alcohol is excreted through urine, perspiration, or breath. The remaining alcohol is excreted through urine, perspiration, or breath.

How Alcohol Affects the Body (P. 414) Nervous System Nervous System –Brain  Blackouts (a period in which a person cannot remember what has happened)  Seizures  Dementia (decline in all areas of mental functioning) Digestive System Digestive System –Developing cancers of mouth, esophagus & stomach –Ulcers –Liver disease (cirrhosis) Immune System Immune System –Increased risk of developing illnesses  Respiration infections  Tuberculosis  Certain Cancers

Affects on Body (P. 414) Cardiovascular System Cardiovascular System –Damages organs –Increased risk for cardiovascular disease, high blood pressure, & stroke Skeletal System Skeletal System –Body loses calcium  Osteoporosis Urinary System Urinary System –Can cause kidney failure Reproductive System Reproductive System –Female: cause irregular periods –Male: affects size of testes and muscle development

Alcohol Affects Every Cell in the Body Most alcohol is changed to harmless waste by the liver Most alcohol is changed to harmless waste by the liver –Liver can only process about 1 drink/hour –If someone drinks more than this the excess alcohol builds up in the body Alcohol goes to body tissue before excretion Alcohol goes to body tissue before excretion –Effects of alcohol intensify –Concentration of alcohol in blood increases

Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) Higher the BAC, the greater the effects of alcohol on the body. Higher the BAC, the greater the effects of alcohol on the body. If the amount of alcohol (a toxin) is too large, stomach will reject it If the amount of alcohol (a toxin) is too large, stomach will reject it –Vomiting Too much of a toxin (alcohol) can be poisonous. Too much of a toxin (alcohol) can be poisonous.

Factors that affect BAC (P.412) Amount Consumed Amount Consumed Body weight Body weight Feelings Feelings Amount of food eaten Amount of food eaten Carbonation of beverage Carbonation of beverage Speed consumed Speed consumed % of body fat % of body fat Gender Gender Presence of other drugs in blood Presence of other drugs in blood Age Age

What Happens as BAC Increases? Read P. 413 in textbook Read P. 413 in textbook

Alcohol Laws Liquor Control Board Liquor Control Board –Controls all sales of alcoholic beverages Underage Drinking Underage Drinking –Zero-tolerance law  Lowers the legal BAC level for intoxicated drivers under 21 yrs of age Driving Under the Influence (DUI) Driving Under the Influence (DUI) –Breathalyzer test: accurate and common way police check BAC –Under 21 yrs = 0.02 –Over 21 yrs = 0.08

Alcoholism (p. 419) Disease in which there is physical and psychological dependence on alcohol. Disease in which there is physical and psychological dependence on alcohol. Difficulty controlling behavior Difficulty controlling behavior Denial Denial Withdrawal Withdrawal –Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome  Is the reaction of the body to sudden stopping of drinking –Delirium Tremens  Is a severe form of alcohol withdrawal syndrome in which there are hallucinations and muscle contractions Affects on others Affects on others

Getting Help Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) –Recovery program for people who have alcoholism Al-Anon Al-Anon –Recovery program for people who have friends or family members with alcoholism Al-Ateen Al-Ateen –Recovery program for teens who have a family member or friend with alcoholism

TN:-Grief TN:-Grief TN:-Grief TN:-Grief