English for Professionals A.A. 2014 – 2015 Dott.ssa Claudia Tomaciello claudia.tomaciello@yahoo.it

What we are going to do… Scientific Texts/Articles Grammar (Speaking, Writing) Listening (Contemp. English) Specific Vocabulary

Your study companions E. Glendinning, R. Howard, Professional English in Use Medicine, Cambridge University Press, 2008 R. Murphy, English Grammar in Use, Fourth Edition (with answers), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2012 http://amnelis.altervista.org/index.html

Introducing Professionals HCAs work under the guidance of a qualified healthcare professional. Taking care of patients Different role - Healthcare setting. Hospital vs GP general practice/ practitioner (family doctor) –To run a practice. They also perform minor surgeries. Orthoptists Work alongside ophtalmologists Diagnose/detect and treat a range of eye conditions.(children) Work in hospital/community healthcare Healthcare assistants (HCAs) work in hospital or community settings, such as GP surgeries, under the guidance of a qualified healthcare professional. The role can be varied depending upon the healthcare setting. (Allied health professionals) GP – general practice/practitioner (family doctor) – provides primary health care. Works in a practice/health center - to run a practice. They also perform minor surgeries. Hospital is a health care institution providing patient treatment with specialized staff and equipment. The best-known type of hospital is the general hospital, which has an emergency department. A district hospital typically is the major health care facility in its region, with large numbers of beds for intensive care and long-term care. Specialised hospitals include trauma centres, rehabilitation hospitals,children's hospitals, seniors' (geriatric) hospitals, and hospitals for dealing with specific medical needs such as psychiatric problems (seepsychiatric hospital), certain disease categories. Specialised hospitals can help reduce health care costs compared to general hospitals. Ateaching hospital combines assistance to people with teaching to medical students and nurses. The medical facility smaller than a hospital is generally called a clinic. Hospitals have a range of departments (e.g., surgery, and urgent care) and specialist units such as cardiology. Some hospitals will have outpatient departments and some will have chronic treatment units. Common support units include a pharmacy,pathology, and radiology.

Lesson 1 – Part 1 Getting to know the human body

Body parts Ankle Chest Chin Hip Knee Navel Palm Shin Thigh Toes Waist . Chest Navel Waist Palm Hip CHIN UP Thigh Knee Shin Ankle Toes

Sole Shoulder Wrist Fingers Elbow Neck Heel Back of the hand Back of the knee Lower back Upper back Shoulder Neck Upper back Elbow Wrist Lower back Back of the hand Fingers Back of the knee Heel Sole

More on the human body… Head Upper body Lower body Scalp, Hair, Brain, Skull Eyes, nose, ears, lips Mouth, teeth, cheeks, cheek bones, jaw Neck – attaches head to upper body Upper body Collar bone, chest (breasts), nipples Ribcage, lungs, heart, stomach, waist, navel (belly button) Arms – armpit, muscles (triceps, biceps), forearm Name of the fingers (Thumb, Index, Middle, Ring, Little – Pinky) Lower body Reproductive organs (penis, vagina, uterus), hips, Buttocks, or rear end or bum Intestines, bladder, liver, kidneys Legs – thigh, knee, shin, calf, ankle / Toes – big toe…

The Eye The eye is a slightly asymmetrical globe, about an inch in diameter. The front part of the eye (the part you see in the mirror) includes: • The iris (the pigmented part) • The cornea (a clear dome over the iris) • The pupil (the black circular opening in the iris that lets light in) • The sclera (the white part) • The conjunctiva (a thin layer of tissue covering the front of the eye, except the cornea) Just behind the iris and pupil lies the lens, which helps to focus light on the back of the eye. Most of the eye is filled with a clear gel called the vitreous. Light projects through the pupil and the lens to the back of the eye. The inside lining of the eye is covered by special light-sensing cells that are collectively called the retina. The retina converts light into electrical impulses. Behind the eye, the optic nerve carries these impulses to the brain. The macula is a small extra-sensitive area within the retina that gives central vision. It is located in the center of the retina and contains the fovea, a small depression or pit at the center of the macula that gives the clearest vision. Eye color is created by the amount and type of pigment in the iris. Multiple genes inherited from each parent determine a person’s eye color. The dark-brown vascular coat of the eye between the sclera and the retina. Also called choroid coat, choroid membrane. EYE TYPES SHAPES! http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_eye

Medical Jargon Collarbone Windpipe Breastbone Belly Techincal Terms Clavicle Trachea Sternum Abdomen Umbilicus Intestines Carpus Patella Tibia Talus Calcaneus Collarbone Windpipe Breastbone Belly Navel or belly button Bowel Wrist Kneecap Shin Ankle Heel bone Explain jargon what it means 1 :  the technical terminology or characteristic idiom of a special activity, group, profession, or field of study <medical jargon>

The _____ is located in the middle of the arm Jamie broke his _______ while he was skiing She dislocated her _________ during the softball game My mother can’t walk because of her sprained _______ Light passes to the retina through the ______ The ______ is a white fibrous tissue covering the eyeball. elbow leg/ankle shoulder ankle iris sclera

Idioms with body parts Sensing a situation Something/someone annoying Gut feeling Pain in the neck A pat on the back Slap on the wrist A slip of the tongue Hold/bite your tongue Easy on the eye Get off on the wrong foot Joined at the hip The upper hand At the top of your lungs Blow your mind Sensing a situation Something/someone annoying Someone did good Punishment/You did wrong A mistake speaking Saying something inappropriate Pleasant to look at Start something in a bad way Two inseparable people You’re in the stronger position Screaming louder To surprise, entertain, amaze Gut The alimentary canal or a portion thereof, especially the intestine or stomach. b. The embryonic digestive tube, consisting of the foregut, the midgut, and the hindgut. 2. guts The bowels; entrails; viscera. >>Test yourselves with the following video…<<

Put the idioms in the right place joined at the hip Jack and Hanna are ________. They’re always together. I misspelled ‘America’. It was a ___________ Billy got a ____________ because he tried to steal his brother’s cookies. This painting is very _________ . You just can’t stop looking at it. I have a ___________ that something bad is going to happen. By halftime, the opponents seem to have __________. slip of the tongue slap on the wrist easy on the eye feeling in my guts the upper hand

People…and the Hospital Part 2 People…and the Hospital

The Hospital ER (Emergency Room, US / Casualty, UK) A & E (Accident and Emergency, UK) OR (Operating Room, US/ Operating Theatre, UK) ICU (Intensive Care Unit) -> Units & Departments (Psychiatric Unit/Ophthalmology Department) Ward/s (example: Maternity Ward) Pre-op and Post-op Dispensary - medication and medical supplies Consulting Room Morgue (Mortuary, UK) An acronym is an abbreviation formed from the initial components in a phrase or a word – individual letters or parts of words The best-known type of hospital is the general hospital, which has an emergency department. A district hospital typically is the major health care facility in its region, with large numbers of beds for intensive care and long-term care. Specialised hospitals include trauma centres, rehabilitation hospitals,children's hospitals, seniors' (geriatric) hospitals, and hospitals for dealing with specific medical needs such as psychiatric problems (seepsychiatric hospital), certain disease categories. Specialised hospitals can help reduce health care costs compared to general hospitals. Ateaching hospital combines assistance to people with teaching to medical students and nurses.  Basically if you are admitted to hospital you will stay on a ward. It may be the Cardiology ward.  When you go for treatment as an outpatient, you will go to the Cardiology Outpatients Department. The only places where there are beds for patients that aren't called wards are places like "The Special Care Baby Unit" "The Intensive Care Unit" "High Dependency Unit".  This is in the UK. http://www.macmillandictionary.com/thesaurus-category/british/Rooms-and-departments-in-hospitals-and-clinics DEPARTMENTS http://www.netdoctor.co.uk/health-services-guide/hospital-departments.htm

The People in the Hospital Anesthetist - Doctor – Midwife - Surgeon – Patient – Nurse – Charge Nurse – Sister Who diagnoses illnesses? Who operates in a OR? Who is ill and in A&E? Who sedates patients in a OR? Who works in a maternity ward? How is it called the senior nurse in a unit? Doctor – MD Surgeon Patient An ophthalmologist – Eye M.D. – is a medical or osteopathic doctor who specializes in eye and vision care.  Anesthesiologist/Anesthetist (UK) Midwife Charge Nurse/Sister

Part 3 Using the right tenses

Useful Verbs An operation An injection, some medicine, a pill do give take have An operation An injection, some medicine, a pill Some medicine, a pill, your temperature An operation, an injection, a check-up an operation an injection some medicine a pill your temperature a check-up Auxiliary verbs are also known as 'helping verbs'. The three most common auxiliary verbs are: be, do and have I am leaving = Leaving is the main verb. Am is the auxiliary. She has arrived = Arrived is the main verb. Has is the auxiliary. Do you smoke? = Smoke is the main verb. Do is the auxiliary.

Do – general activities/ also ‘to perform’ in this case Dr. Friedman will perform an appendectomy Give – ‘to administer’ in the medical area Please, give the patient 20 cc of ….. Take – obtain, also through a procedure, measurements I have to take your blood pressure measurements, Sir. Have – possession, characteristics and a number of actions: have breakfast, have a discussion, have a bath I had my eyes tested two months ago Cc cubic centimeter/The medical and auto.motive fields in the United States still use the term cubic centimetre The United Kingdom uses millilitres in preference to cubic centimetres

Vocabulary To determine the qualities/features, critical evaluation of a phenomenon. Test To inspect in order to determine and verify conditions. Check Estimate value/condition (practical). Assess/Evaluate