Joint Head of Energy & Climate Change Programme Research Councils Energy Programme Dr Clive Hayter Joint Head of Energy & Climate Change Programme EPSRC

PSA target Improve the relative international performance of the UK research base and improve the overall innovation performance of the UK economy including through effective knowledge transfer amongst universities, research institutions and business

Energy – Why? Energy is essential in almost every aspect of our lives and for the success of our economy. We face two long-term energy challenges: tackling climate change by reducing carbon dioxide emissions both within the UK and abroad; and ensuring secure, clean and affordable energy as we become increasingly dependent on imported fuel. Good Morning, My name is Clive Hayter, I am one of the two Joint Heads of the Energy Programme, in EPSRC. (working closely with Alison Wall). Thank you for the opportunity to speak with you this morning and tell you something of the priorities within Energy for the next comprehensive spending review. This proposal is a continuation of the existing cross-Research Council programme in energy and thus working across Research Council boundaries in this area is now part of normal business. But why now and why a new proposal in the CSR? The challenges which remain are global in their impact and perhaps best encapsulated in the two bullets: Tackling climate change by reducing carbon dioxide emissions Ensuring secure, clean and affordable energy On the basis of present policies, global energy demand will be more than 50% higher in 2030 than today with energy related greenhouse gas emissions around 55% higher.

The energy landscape: public sector funding Research Councils’ Energy Programme Technology Strategy Board UK Energy Research Centre Energy Technologies Institute Energy Research Partnership Environmental Transformation Fund

Working together STFC BBSRC EPSRC NERC ESRC brings together all our energy-related activiites major managed programmes facilities, institutes, responsive mode STFC BBSRC EPSRC EPSRC has funding to work across all research council remits £54M in SR2004 period (£30M allocation) NERC Whole systems approach – integrated physical and biological science, engineering, environmental, social and economic research Contributions from all research councils own funding EPSRC cross-remit funding used strategically with advice from other Research Council colleagues ESRC Energy high priority for the Research Councils

Energy Programme Objectives To support a full spectrum of energy research to help the UK meet the objectives and targets set out in the 2007 Energy White Paper. To work in partnership to contribute to the research and postgraduate training needs of energy-related business and other key stakeholders. To increase the international visibility and level of international collaboration within the UK energy research portfolio. To expand the UK university research capacity in energy-related areas.

Energy Partners Who are the partners in this programme…? I have already indicated that cross-Council working in this area is now firmly established and that would continue within this CSR proposal. The RCs’ also seek to ensure that their investments are complimentary to wider government support through membership of the Governments’ Energy Research Partnership. Highlighted here are just a selection of the major industrial partners also engaged currently in the programme and in the CSR proposal. We’ve established regular contact with all of the above – have strategic partnerships with some – e.g. £10M EON partnership to look at the next generation of low carbon energy solutions….

Programme co-ordination group Carolyn Reeve DIUS Debbie Harding BBSRC Gary Grubb (Vicki Crossley) ESRC Nigel Brandon Senior Fellow Chris Franklin NERC Chris Baker NERC Alison Wall (Chair) Clive Hayter EPSRC Liz Towns-Andrews STFC

Heads of EPSRC Energy and Climate Change Alison Lead, Research Councils’ Energy Programme (SAC, Energy Dialogue) ETI ERP Security of supply Energy and equity Carbon Vision Demand reduction Transport Clive Sustainable power generation and supply (SUPERGEN) Research capacity International Fission Fusion Adaptation to climate change (LWEC)

Planning Wide consultation: Research groups International Government departments (BERR, DEFRA, DfT, DFID) Select Committees Learned and professional societies Research Councils own processes EPSRC investment plan NERC strategic plan BBSRC bioenergy review Scientific Advisory Committee Programme development CSR input Input to Research Council delivery plans Strategic input Energy summit on postgraduate training Energy public dialogue by Ipsos MORI

Current portfolio (£M) Strong in power generation and supply +£5M CCLRC facilities

SUPERGEN – Sustainable Power Generation & Supply Our flagship strategic programme in the area of energy supply. Currently 13 consortia with a total value in excess of £32m covering the following areas: hydrogen, biomass & bioenergy, marine energy, future network technologies, photovoltaic materials, conventional power plant lifetime extension, fuel cells, highly distributed power systems, excitonic solar cells, energy storage, biological fuel cells, wind energy, energy infrastructure. Other SUPERGEN contributors include BBSRC, ESRC, NERC and the Carbon trust Latest SUPERGEN Brochure is available at: http://www.epsrc.ac.uk/Publications/Other/SUPERGENBrochure.htm

13 consortia New Wind Infrastructure Biofuel cells 38 academic partners 80+ business and other collaborators With the Carbon Trust New Wind Infrastructure Biofuel cells The Consortium is researching the technological and commercial developments that will help evolve the electrical power network to support very high levels of new and renewable generation. Renewable energy sources tend to be small in scale, very numerous, some local, some remote and many intermittent. There are huge engineering challenges in developing the technology to move from large power stations to small, intermittent generation and decentralised control of the network. The aim of the research is to devise and construct an electrical system to cope with the future, at an acceptable cost, with a form of regulation and market that encourages promotion of sustainable energy use.

Biomass and Bioenergy BIOSYS The project is researching all aspects of the bioenergy chain from biomass in the field or forest to renewable power generation. The objective is to optimise the complete system to provide the UK bioenergy industry with the most cost effective technologies for meeting future energy needs. The Consortium brings together people at all stages of biomass energy production, from farmers growing the crops, researchers looking at how best to convert them into energy, and the suppliers and users of industrial power generation. It is also looking at the impacts of biomass on the environment and the rural economy to ensure energy production is sustainable. The aim of TSEC-Biosys is to develop whole systems research on bioenergy. There are four interrelated research themes: • Integrated analysis of bioenergy demand and supply dynamics. • Analysis of the potential evolution and implications of UK biomass supply. • Sustainability analysis of bioenergy supply chains for heat, power and transport. • Total system performance and evolution. The project is coordinated by the Centre for Energy Policy and Technology at Imperial College London (ICEPT) and involves 15 leading UK research organisations.

Fusion Major block of funding – over £20M pa EPSRC funding for ITER, JET and UK domestic programme (alongside EURATOM funding) Getting the right balance with the energy portfolio and the changing fusion research landscape

UKERC Workstreams Research themes Functions Vertical: Demand Reduction, Future Sources of Energy, Energy Infrastructure and Supply Cross-cutting: Energy Systems and Modelling, Environmental Sustainability, Materials for Advanced Energy Systems Functions Coordination of National Energy Research Network The Meeting Place Technology and Policy Assessment The Energy Research Register (STFC) The Energy Data Centre (STFC)

UK Energy Research Centre Highlights include: Input to energy review (including modelling input) Intermittency report Energy Research Atlas (first release) Meeting place including G8 meeting The UK Energy Research Centre (UKERC) is a publicly funded organisation charged with drawing together energy research in the UK while establishing itself as a centre of research excellence. By taking a co-ordinated and collaborative approach to national and international energy research, and through our own interdisciplinary research activities, we will provide the knowledge needed to work towards a sustainable energy system and realise UK energy policy goals.

Low Carbon Technologies Climate Change Carbon Vision funded in association with the Carbon Trust, NERC and ESRC. Low Carbon Buildings £5.4m Working with the process industries: Life cycle analysis £1m - Carbon footprint calculation tool Unlocking low carbon potential £0.8m – Drivers and barriers to uptake Contribution to SUPERGEN Carbon Calculations – CCaLC £0.9M Low Carbon Future - £0.5M Climate Change The Tyndall Centre - www.tyndall.ac.uk

Ongoing portfolio development Transport – Scientific Advisory Committee suggestions of areas to develop: walking and cycling and shipping Demand reduction – focus on industrial processes? (Lots of other funders’ work planned on buildings?) For a Scientific Advisory Committee discussion Broad portfolio to meet policy objectives Feasibility studies (£5M) Supergen renewals (£18M) Hydrogen production (£4M) BBSRC bioenergy (£20M+) Cluster call for energy and equity and security of supply Nanotechnology for energy/solar energy

Ongoing portfolio development Working in partnership Nuclear sustainability (£2M) E.ON strategic partnership (£10M) Developing Power Networks Research Academy (£2M) Developing: Nuclear waste management (£4M) Developing: Materials UK research priorities (£5M) International Strategic statement and action plan Partnership with MOST, China (£6M) Cooperation with South Africa (£2M) Bioenergy ERA-NET – gasification call International development – call next year

Ongoing portfolio development Research capacity Additional UKERC studentships (£1M) Interdisciplinary fellowships (ESRC lead) EPSRC fellowships Science and Innovation awards EngD review and next steps for CTAs/KTAs

The Energy Technologies Institute Up to £1.1billion over 10 years, public/private partnership Announced in the Budget 2006 Focussed energy RD&D to accelerate new energy technologies to deployment Core company partners (£5M pa) Public Sector: DIUS, BERR, EPSRC, TSB, (DfT)

Energy Exploitation Exploitation: Energy Technologies Institute Basic Research Councils Energy Programme Broad spectrum of energy research Long term view 2020 – 2050 Range from highly speculative to directed pre-competitive research Independent Energy Technologies Institute – public private partnership Small number of highly focused technology areas Highly directed and targeted technical and economic, social and environmental research and limited early stage demonstration Research to overcome issues to accelerate deployment Exploitation: Energy Technologies Institute And finally this leads nicely onto what will become an increasingly important part of the RC’s energy programme – the ETI. EPSRC will be providing up to £30M a year for 10 years as one of the public sector partners (£55M in total). Private sector partners – EON/ EdF/ Shell/ BP / Caterpillar/ Rolls Royce Applied research development and demonstration / of to the right 10s of millions…. Basic research Applied research

Development of ETI Heads of Agreement signed on 20 September Legal structure – Limited Liability Partnership Funding model – Core members and Programme Associates IP model – under test! Chief Executive – David Clarke (RR; EPSRC Council) Host selection – Midlands Consortium RD&D priorities – being developed RD&D commissioning process – being developed EPSRC funding contracts and costs until ETI is established

CSR2007 Energy Priorities A whole system approach to energy options, supply and usage Rapid Exploitation through collaboration with ETI Four over-arching strands form the basis of the energy programme and indeed this CSR proposal: Our vision for energy research is to position the UK to successfully develop, embrace and exploit sustainable, low carbon and/or energy efficient technologies and systems to enable it to meet the Government’s energy and environmental targets by 2020 and beyond. The real world problems associated with the energy challenge demand a multi-disciplinary approach to research and training. Importantly the programme brings together not only physical scientists developing technology solutions but also natural, social and economic researchers to examine their environmental and social impact together with barriers to their uptake. The Energy Technologies Institute a public private partnership will form a key strand to the RC’s investment portfolio and will assist in the pull through and exploitation of research to led to its rapid uptake – I will expand on this later…. A continuing programme in sustainable power generation and supply primarily through the RC internationally recognised SUPERGEN initiative And finally action to address skills and research capacity issues within the energy sector through proactive training investments. The next slides capture the thematic priorities for the programme if the CSR proposal is fully supported…

CSR2007 Energy Priorities Sustain work on: power generation and supply (Supergen) Fission & fusion UKERC Materials for energy Strategic Partnerships with Industry International Development & Collaboration Fully supported our plans seek to sustain work on the following elements supporting a full spectrum of energy related research and training from conventional sources through to renewable energy technology. As per slide bullets

CSR2007 Energy Priorities Grow work on: Demand and consumption Security of supply Energy and equity Underpinning science and engineering Transport Research capacity Living with Environmental Change And under this CSR proposal we would seek to grow and develop our portfolio in the following areas: For example to select a few exemplars from this list To reduce demand make appliances energy efficient / persuade people to do things differently / examine behaviours / human factors Security of supply – diversity of energy sources, transmission network, political issues, sustainability issues e.g. copper cable….waste issues Energy and equity – affordable, policies to stop driving / impact socially happening on a global – equity for people. Strong relationship with Living with Environmental Change – energy generation the primary cause for greenhouse gas emissions. EPSRC will make a contribution to the LWEC initiative developing practical engineering solutions to adaptation to climate change.

Comments, questions…..? Thank you…… clive.hayter@epsrc.ac.uk