Chapter 24 Section 3 The Ford and Carter Years

Essential Questions: How did Ford confront economic problems and handle foreign policy of the 1970’s? How did Ford confront economic problems and handle foreign policy of the 1970’s? What was significant about Carter’s election in 1976? What was significant about Carter’s election in 1976? What was Carter’s approach to solving economic problems? What was Carter’s approach to solving economic problems? What was Carter’s foreign policy? What was Carter’s foreign policy? What were Carter’s achievements and failures in foreign policy matters? What were Carter’s achievements and failures in foreign policy matters?

Rough Road for Ford Ford gave Nixon a full pardon for Watergate Ford gave Nixon a full pardon for Watergate Inflation rose form 6% in ’73 to 10% in ’74 Inflation rose form 6% in ’73 to 10% in ’74 Ford started the “WIN” campaign, (Whip Inflation Now) It failed. Ford started the “WIN” campaign, (Whip Inflation Now) It failed. Ford urged Americans to cut back on use of oil and gas Ford urged Americans to cut back on use of oil and gas He cut government spending, interests rates went up triggering the worst recession in 40 years He cut government spending, interests rates went up triggering the worst recession in 40 years

Ford’s Foreign Policy Ford followed Nixon by keeping Kissinger on as Sec. of State Ford followed Nixon by keeping Kissinger on as Sec. of State Kept negotiations with China and the USSR Kept negotiations with China and the USSR Signed the Helsinki Accords which promised greater cooperation between Eastern and Western Europe Signed the Helsinki Accords which promised greater cooperation between Eastern and Western Europe Ford wanted to still give money to aid South Vietnam, Congress refused, the South fell in 1975 Ford wanted to still give money to aid South Vietnam, Congress refused, the South fell in 1975 The US ship Mayaguez was seized by Cambodia, 41 US troops died while saving the 39 member crew. The US ship Mayaguez was seized by Cambodia, 41 US troops died while saving the 39 member crew.

Carter in the White House Former peanut farmer and Gov. of Georgia Former peanut farmer and Gov. of Georgia Promised he would never lie to the American people Promised he would never lie to the American people In the Election of 1976 Carter and Ford squared off over energy, inflation, and unemployment In the Election of 1976 Carter and Ford squared off over energy, inflation, and unemployment Carter won by a close margin Carter won by a close margin He talked to the American people through FDR like “fire-side” chats by radio and TV He talked to the American people through FDR like “fire-side” chats by radio and TV

Carter’s Domestic Agenda Carter urged Americans to cut back their consumption of oil and gas Carter urged Americans to cut back their consumption of oil and gas The National Energy Act – taxed gas guzzling cars, removed price controls on oil and gas produced in the US, and gave tax credits for development of alternative energy. The National Energy Act – taxed gas guzzling cars, removed price controls on oil and gas produced in the US, and gave tax credits for development of alternative energy. In 1979 inflation hit 11.3%, 14% by ’80. In 1979 inflation hit 11.3%, 14% by ’80. Carter gave his now famous “malaise speech” in which he complained of a “crisis of spirit” in Americans. It looked like he gave up. ( Reagan in 1980) Carter gave his now famous “malaise speech” in which he complained of a “crisis of spirit” in Americans. It looked like he gave up. ( Reagan in 1980)

In the 1970’s the US economy changed In the 1970’s the US economy changed Less manufacturing jobs, more jobs in communication, transportation, and retail. Less manufacturing jobs, more jobs in communication, transportation, and retail. Overseas competition hurt the US. (EX. West Germany, Japan, Korea. Overseas competition hurt the US. (EX. West Germany, Japan, Korea. Iron, Steel, clothing were hit with cut- backs, lay-offs and plant closings Iron, Steel, clothing were hit with cut- backs, lay-offs and plant closings Newspape

Carter and Civil Rights Carter appointed more women and African Americans to his administration then ant other previous administration Carter appointed more women and African Americans to his administration then ant other previous administration Appointed Andrew Young as US Ambassador to the UN Appointed Andrew Young as US Ambassador to the UN Although in Bakke vs. the University of California an affirmative action program was ruled unconstitutional Although in Bakke vs. the University of California an affirmative action program was ruled unconstitutional

Human Rights Foreign Policy Carter felt the US should promote human rights around the globe, such as freedoms and liberties listed in the Dec. of Independence and Bill of Rights. Carter felt the US should promote human rights around the globe, such as freedoms and liberties listed in the Dec. of Independence and Bill of Rights. The US gave control of the Panama Canal back to Panama as of 12/31/99. The US gave control of the Panama Canal back to Panama as of 12/31/99. The feeling of Détente with the USSR ended due Carter’s protest on civil rights issues. The feeling of Détente with the USSR ended due Carter’s protest on civil rights issues. SALT II talks were delayed, not ratified by the Senate, and the USSR invaded Afghanistan SALT II talks were delayed, not ratified by the Senate, and the USSR invaded Afghanistan

Triumph in the Middle East The Camp David Accords – Carter invited the leaders of Egypt and Israel to Camp David (Summer of ’78) The Camp David Accords – Carter invited the leaders of Egypt and Israel to Camp David (Summer of ’78) Israel agreed to with draw from the Sinai Peninsula Israel agreed to with draw from the Sinai Peninsula Egypt recognized Israel’s right to exist Egypt recognized Israel’s right to exist Carter was the peacemaker Carter was the peacemaker

The Iran Hostage Crisis Jan Ayatollah Khomeini led islamic militants in overthrowing the Shah or King of Iran. ( They wanted a strict religious state) Jan Ayatollah Khomeini led islamic militants in overthrowing the Shah or King of Iran. ( They wanted a strict religious state) Nov. 4 th 1979 armed students stormed the US Embassy and captured 52 hostages because we let the Shah into the US for medical treatment Nov. 4 th 1979 armed students stormed the US Embassy and captured 52 hostages because we let the Shah into the US for medical treatment Diplomatic, economic, and military action failed Diplomatic, economic, and military action failed 444 days later the hostages were released just two hours after Reagan was sworn into office 444 days later the hostages were released just two hours after Reagan was sworn into office

Miracle at Lake Placid ‘80