MAJOR ACCIDENT HAZARD IN INDIA WITH GLOBAL PERSPECTIVES

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
ISO EMS OVERVIEW FOR CONTRACTORS
Advertisements

COMPANY MAINTENANCE MANUAL
Integra Consult A/S Safety Assessment. Integra Consult A/S SAFETY ASSESSMENT Objective Objective –Demonstrate that an acceptable level of safety will.
Environmentally sound management of ship recycling- simple or complex? Roy Watkinson Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs UK Promoting Sustainable.
Managing the Health and Safety of Contractors
DISASTER MANAGEMENT IN CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES
Major Accident Prevention Policy (MAPP) and Safety Management System (SMS) in the Context of the Seveso II Directive.
Implementation of the Seveso II Directive 96/82/EC Institutional Strengthening of the Slovak Environmental Agency Emergency Response Principles and Practice.
Responsible CarE® Process Safety Code David Sandidge Director, Responsible Care American Chemistry Council June 2010.
HISTORY. History of Emergency Management Within the DOE System The early years In the 1970s, DOE’s focus was on security and energy contingency planning.
An Ocean of Opportunity: An integrated maritime policy for the EU 1 Places of refuge: General legal framework and developments within IMO and the EU Alexandros.
Dr Rakesh Dubey Director Disaster Management Institute Bhopal Hazards Identification and Risk Assessment And On-site and off-site.
Risk Management Program Quality Assurance Program Plan David R. Taylor US EPA Region 9 Quality Assurance Office.
“ Hard work and concern for the society is the key to success ” - O P Jindal On-site and Off-site Emergency Plans Based on Integral Risk Management – Key.
Session 6Slide 6-1 Risk Management Lessons from Outside the United States Session 6 Slide Deck.
Health and safety at work
Safety and Loss Control
Protection Against Occupational Exposure
The Quality Management System
Process Safety Management
Seveso II in the UK Mark Maleham tel + 44 (0)
1 Inspection of LCPs: System for Inspection. ECENA Training Workshop Bristol, March 2008.
National profiles on OSH – Methodology
Management of Health And Safety.
HIRA IN DOCKS FOR TRANSPORT OF HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS
SAFETY PRACTICES & OISD NORMS.
EuropeAid/131555/C/SER/RS Safety Procedures in the Chemical Industry Ernst SIMON, Styrian Regional Government, Austria Belgrade, December 2013.
Hazards Analysis. The Next 55 Minutes... l Overview of Hazards Analysis l Scenarios for EPCRA and RMP l Resources.
Ship Recycling Facility Management System IMO Guideline A.962
Process Safety Management
Stakeholders In Clinical Research Government and Regulatory Bodies Professor Phil Warner.
Safety and Health in Maintenance - the European context EUROMAINTENANCE 2010, Bucharest Healthy Workplaces – European Campaign.
Ert 312 LECTURE 4 OSHA & DOSH.
This Project is funded by the European Union Project implemented by Human Dynamics Consortium This project is funded by the European Union Projekat finansira.
Safety and Risk The perspective of a Researcher Dr. Michalis Christou - Joint Research Centre E.U. and Richard Gowland – Director European Process Safety.
Overview of the EU Food Safety Requirements
InWEnt | Qualified to shape the future1 Capacity Development Programme in Industrial Disaster Risk Management Cooperation under the Programme on Advisory.
Ministry of Waters and Environmental Protection, ROMANIA 1 BERCEN 1 st Exchange program – November 2002 Croatia PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS IN COOPERATION.
EU perspective on occupational health and safety - role and place of unions Károly György Kiev, December December Károly György, MSZOSZ.
Sub-regional Workshop on the Implementation of the Convention on the Transboundary Effects of Industrial Accidents Erevan, Armenia, March 2003 The.
EU Seveso II Directive Operators obligations & Competent Authorities duties 2.3 Activity workshop Angeliki Tsatsou Dritsa Chemist, TA Key Expert 2 Zagreb.
D.K. Ghosh, Head, IHS Section, S.D. Bharambe, IHS Section D.N. Sharma, Head, RSSD & H.S.Kushwaha, Director, HSE Group Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay,
SEVESO II transposition and implementation – possible approaches and lessons learned from MS/NMS SEVESO II transposition and implementation – possible.
REGULATORY FRAMEWORK ON CHEMICAL AND INDUSTRIAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT IN INDIA -AN OVERVIEW By G.Bala Kishore M.E., Director of Factories Government of Andhra.
This Project is funded by the European Union Project implemented by Human Dynamics Consortium This project is funded by the European Union Projekat finansira.
HTA Benefits and Risks Dr Bernard Merkel European Commission.
Strengths and weaknesses of the permitting system and enforcement process in RIEW – Veliko Turnovo Regional Inspectorate of Environment and Water - Veliko.
European Regulatory Framework 1st April Faro Alessio Di Paolo.
Directorate General for Enterprise and Industry European Commission The New Legislative Framework - Market Surveillance UNECE “MARS” Group meeting Bratislava,
EuropeAid/131555/C/SER/RS Communication to the public Ernst SIMON, Styrian Regional Government, Austria Belgrade, December 2013.
ASPEC Damaging Energies New Staff Induction What is this course about? This course is designed to talk through the major damaging energies on site. It.
Update on EU Issues 10 th March 2010 Manchester Conference Centre Health and Safety Executive Major Hazards Policy Team Paul Edwards.
SEVESO II transposition and implementation: Possible approaches and lessons learned from member states and new member states SEVESO II transposition and.
Health & Safety in Construction 4A7 Design & the Built Environment John O’Connor.
CDM Construction Design and Management
Capacity-building from the perspective of the ECE Industrial Accidents Convention Virginia Fusé, UNECE secretariatIspra26/03/2015.
By Annick Carnino (former Director of IAEA Division of Nuclear Installations Safety) PIME, February , 2012.
Timing (minutes) Learning ObjectiveMain tasks / ProcessResources / tools 5TitleStandard Operating Procedures for Power Press Machine Slide 1 5Index 
Risk Assessment: A Practical Guide to Assessing Operational Risk
Every employer must ensure, as far as is reasonable practicable, the health, safety and welfare of all his employees More specifically, employers must.
Lowell Randel Global Cold Chain Alliance/ International Institute of Ammonia Refrigeration.
STRESS TESTS and TAIWAN PEER REVIEW PROCESS
HSE Case: Risk Based Approach.
CCA September 2012 French LUP Experience Seminar –September
An Overview of Prevention & Management of Chemical Accidents in India
Nick Bonvoisin Secretary to the Convention on the
Flexible Framework Initiative 30 years of international experience
ASSESSING THE ENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUENCE OF POTENTIAL MAJOR ACCIDENTS
Terminologies on On-site and Off-site Disasters Management
BHOPAL Industrial Disaster Management Cycle: OECD 2004.
Presentation transcript:

MAJOR ACCIDENT HAZARD IN INDIA WITH GLOBAL PERSPECTIVES S.S. Gautam Director (IH) Central Labour Institute Mumbai 400022

MAJOR ACCIDENT An occurrence such as major emission, fire or explosion resulting from uncontrolled developments in the course of an industrial activity, leading to a serious danger to man, immediate or delayed, inside or out side the establishment and involving one or more dangerous substances.

EVENTS & POSSIBLE CONSEQUENCES Releases Toxic Within the premises Within and beyond the premises Flammable with potential to explode Confined or unconfined vapour cloud explosion Pool Fires With or without a potential of BLEVE

GROWTH AND DECAY OF CLOUD Total release time 8 Min Present scenario: 1 minute after the start of release.

GROWTH AND DECAY OF CLOUD Total release time 8 Min Present scenario: 2 minute after the start of release.

GROWTH AND DECAY OF CLOUD Total release time 8 Min Present scenario: 3 minute after the start of release.

GROWTH AND DECAY OF CLOUD Total release time 8 Min Present scenario: 4 minute after the start of release.

GROWTH AND DECAY OF CLOUD Total release time 8 Min Present scenario: 5 minute after the start of release.

GROWTH AND DECAY OF CLOUD Total release time 8 Min Present scenario: 6 minute after the start of release.

GROWTH AND DECAY OF CLOUD Total release time 8 Min Present scenario: 7minute after the start of release.

GROWTH AND DECAY OF CLOUD Total release time 8 Min Present scenario: 8 minute after the start of release. Release stopped

GROWTH AND DECAY OF CLOUD Total release time 8Min Present scenario: 9 minute after the start of release.

GROWTH AND DECAY OF CLOUD Total release time 8 Min Present scenario: 10 minute after the start of release.

GROWTH AND DECAY OF CLOUD Total release time 8 Min Present scenario: 11 minute after the start of release.

GROWTH AND DECAY OF CLOUD Total release time 8 Min Present scenario: 12 minute after the start of release.

GROWTH AND DECAY OF CLOUD Total release time 8 Min Present scenario: 13 minute after the start of release.

GROWTH AND DECAY OF CLOUD Total release time 8 Min Present scenario: 14 minute after the start of release.

GROWTH AND DECAY OF CLOUD Total release time 8 Min Present scenario: 15 minute after the start of release.

GROWTH AND DECAY OF CLOUD Total release time 8 Min Present scenario: 16 minute after the start of release.

GROWTH AND DECAY OF CLOUD Total release time 8 Min Present scenario: 17 minute after the start of release.

GROWTH AND DECAY OF CLOUD Total release time 8 Min Present scenario: 18 minute after the start of release.

GROWTH AND DECAY OF CLOUD Cloud cleared

Equal Concentration contour (Foot Print) Plan View of contour at the ground

DEVELOPMENT OF POOL FIRE Release from an atmospheric tank

DEVELOPMENT OF POOL FIRE Spreading of vapours

DEVELOPMENT OF POOL FIRE Contact with source of ignition

DEVELOPMENT OF POOL FIRE Flash fire

Pool Fire Pool Fire: A fire of an spilled pool of flammable or combustible substance with the risk of burns to persons or objects within or around the flames.

TYPES OF FIRES Flash Fire: Ignition of a flammable gas/vapour and air mixture on finding a source of ignition.

TYPES OF FIRES Jet Fire: Jet of flame formed due to instantaneously burning gas/ vapour.

TYPES OF FIRES BLEVE: Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapour Explosion

TYPES OF FIRES Unconfined vapour cloud Explosion: A vaour cloud exploding in open air

TYPES OF FIRES Confined Vapour Cloud Explosion: A cloud exploding in a buiding or confinement

NEED FOR SPECIAL APPROACH Superstar Technologies involving: Combination of a number of factors. Complex human components. Interdependant, vulnerable and complex societies. Rapid development of large scale technologies under economic pressures. Devices scaled up by extrapolation without enough trial and error experience.

Dilution of Responsibilities: Multidisciplinary design-teams reduce the responsibility on any one person. Specialisation is so high that the organisations have monopoly of expertise. Difficulty of monitoring by Government inspectors.

Increased awareness of public, NGOs & trade unions: Intolerance among public Development of associations and social activists Trade unions getting more and more concerned on safety & health matters

Vulnerability of high technology industries to failures: Only one way to run the plant safety but numerous ways by which plant can lead into emergency. Unforeseen dangerous effects.

MAJOR HAZARD CONTROL A well developed plan to prevent the major accident and develop the preparedness to mitigate the effects of such potential accidents.

CONSIDERATIONS AT VARIOUS STAGES Site selection, Layout planning Design Erecting Commissioning Running Maintenance Modifications Emergency Preparedness for mitigation of on site and off site consequences.

STAKEHOLDERS Government Management Workmen Surrounding communities Town Panning Environment Pollution control Industrial Development District Administration Industrial Safety & Health Management Workmen Surrounding communities NGOs

MAHC SYSTEM IN INDIA Manufacture Storage & Import of Hazardous Chemicals (MSIHC) Rules 1989 (with amendments in 1994 & 2000) CIMAH Rules (State Factories Rules) similar to MSIHC Rules . Identification of MAH installations. Availability of Hazard Information to all concerned.

MAHC SYSTEM IN INDIA (Contd.) Reporting of Major Accidents. On Site & Off site Emergency Planning. Central, State, District and Local Crisis Groups to ensure off site emergency planning. Safety Report. Internal & external Safety Audits (Structured in line with EC Directives & Model CIMAH Regulations)

DEVELOPMENT OF MAH SYSTEM IN INDIA ILO-FRG Supported Project on 'Establishment and Initial operations of MAH system in India' from 1988 to 1990, which gave rise to notifications of Manufacture & Import of Hazardous Chemicals Rules 1989 under EP Act and CIMAH rules as part of state factories rules. Identification of MAH installations was done during the project period, which kept updating since then.

DEVELOPMENT OF MAH SYSTEM IN INDIA (Contd.) A number of other documents were developed such as model training manuals on the subject for: Factory inspectors Supervisors Safety Trainers Safety Committee Members Guidelines for Inspectors of Factories for: Inspection & prioritisation of MAH installations. Evaluation of Safety Reports Onsite & Offsite Emergency Planning etc.

DEVELOPMENT OF MAH SYSTEM IN INDIA (Contd.) Joint Inspections were carried out with experts from developed countries, Central Government and Factory inspectors.

SUBSEQUENT AMENDMENTS Amendments were brought in by Min. of Environment & Forest, Government of India, to cope up with the minor difficulties arising in enforcement: 1. in 1994 2. In 2000

ONGOING EFFORTS OF DGFASLI A number of seminars, training Programmes, and consultancy activities are being done every year by central & regional labour institutes.

ROLE OF NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY (NDMA) NDMA has included industrial disasters as one of the types of disasters that may take place and has issued a document for management of industrial disasters for use by local authorities while developing offsite emergency plans.

APEL Seminars organised by National Safety Council with the assistance of USAID programmes National Safety Council of India has collaborated with UNEP, World Environment Centre, USAID to popularise the concept of “Awareness and Preparedness for Emergencies at Local Level (APEL)”. In all 32 events had been conducted under this project covering w2ide varieties of programmes for different target groups.

GLOBAL DEVELOPMENTS Release of Code of Practice by ILO in 1991, which included: General provisions; Components of a major hazard control system; General duties; Prerequisites for a major hazard control system; Analysis of hazards and risks;

GLOBAL DEVELOPMENTS Control of the causes of major industrial accidents; Safe operation of major hazard installations; Emergency planning; information of the neighborhood population on major hazards installations; Siting and land-use planning; Reporting to competent authorities; Implementation of a major hazard control system.

GLOBAL DEVELOPMENTS Release of Seveso Directive II by the EU in 1996. Based on these directives, major changes were brought in major hazard systems in UK. The SIMAH Regulation of UK was modified and renamed as,

'Control of Major Accident Hazard (COMAH) regulations' in 1999. The important features of COMAH Regulations of UK are: Adequate safety and reliability of installations, equipment and infrastructure at design stage and while operation and maintenance.

COMAH Provide more stress on the operators of the facilities to demonstrate the prevention and mitigation measures and show that the risk has been kept 'As Low As Reasonably Practicable (ALARP)' by use of best feasible method or technology available.

COMAH Demonstrate that major accident prevention policies and management system lies as per the methods prescribed by the statutes, The emergency plan to contain sufficient information to draw an off site emergency plan by the local authorities. sufficient authorities to the authorities to enable them to take decisions about the land utilization around the installation. Multiple information to be given on the points provided in the Safety report it the installation is a complex system.

RESEARCHES AROUND THE WORLD Research on reliable, repeatable and economically viable methods of QRA for MAH installation. HSE Great Britain has developed through a research contract during the year 2003, a model for ideal management of emergencies and method of performance measurement and review of the plans for on going refining of the on site and off site emergency plans.

RESEARCHES AROUND THE WORLD HSE Great Britain has conducted a research and demonstrated that there has been definite improvement in the factories which have come to the fold of Safety report after replacement of CIMAH regulation by COMAH regulations. The study has shown highly encouraging results justifying the added investment on development of safety reports as per the new statute (2003).

RESEARCHES AROUND THE WORLD HSE Great Britain has conducted a research to develop a frame work to define the human factors instrumental for Major Accident and developed standards to minimize this factor (2003). HSE Great Britain has conducted a research to assess the human competence to ensure that the MAH units are managed effectively (2003)

RESEARCHES AROUND THE WORLD European Council Parliament has issued revisions to prevailing directives on Major Accident Hazard incorporating the amendments on the basis of the experience gained after the major accidents that have taken since the Seveso Directive II. (2003). HSE has developed a computerized data base for spatial population mapping of complete Great Britain for assessment of population in risk from major accidents. (2005)

RESEARCHES AROUND THE WORLD Technological research centre of Finland has developed a computerised Emergency management assistance system to provided guidance on various matters during onset of emergency a major hazard installation. (2006) Early hazard identification of chemical plants with state chart modeling techniques in order to avoid the manual faults likely by identification of hazards by HAZOP technique. (2005)

RESEARCHES AROUND THE WORLD MIMIX system a technique to identify the causes and consequences of the deviations in management system of MAH plants. (2005) There are a large number of references that indicted that the improvements have been effected most of the European countries mainly based on the Seveso II Directives. Details of those documents are however not being quoted because the languages in which these documents have been published are other than English.

System in USA Emergency Planning and Community Right to Know Act 1986(EPCRA) which is Title III Document of Superfund Amendment Reauthorisation Act,1986 (SARA)enforced by EPA OSHA Rule, for Process Safety Management of Highly Hazardous Chemicals 1990

Conclusion A need for review of the systems developed around the world to come out with the required amendments to bring the country closer to the developped countries.

THANK YOU